Pham-Tan-Thien
2045c856e9
- Add 10 core testing guides (setup, AAA principles, PHPUnit/Pest, mocking, anti-patterns, PHP 8.4+, debugging, data factories, advanced edge cases) - Add 13 component testing guides covering all Laravel layers - Add standard templates for PHPUnit 10/11 and Pest v2/v3 including ArchitectureTest - Add Docker smart test runner, dependency installer, and CI/CD templates (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI) - Add 4 Claude Code skills (laravel-test-setup, laravel-unit-test with --all mode, laravel-test-review, laravel-mock-helper) - Add single unified installer script (sg-install-unit-testing.sh) with global support, CLI runners, and 1-click updater (sg-test-update) - Add comprehensive documentation (README.md, USAGE-GUIDE.md) Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
112 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
112 lines
3.2 KiB
Markdown
# Component Guide: Queueable Jobs
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Jobs xử lý các tác vụ nền không đồng bộ (Asynchronous Background Tasks) như gửi email hàng loạt, xử lý file nặng, đồng bộ dữ liệu.
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---
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## 1. Hai Mức Độ Kiểm Thử Cho Jobs
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1. **Kiểm thử Dispatching (Job được đẩy vào hàng đợi đúng lúc không?)**:
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- Dùng `Queue::fake()` trong Service/Controller test.
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- Xác nhận `Queue::assertPushed(MyJob::class)`.
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2. **Kiểm thử Thực Thi (Unit Test trực tiếp method `handle()` của Job)**:
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- Đây chính là đối tượng của Unit Test Job.
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- Khởi tạo trực tiếp đối tượng `$job = new ProcessPaymentJob(...)`.
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- Inject mock dependencies vào method `handle()`.
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- Kiểm tra xem Job có thực thi logic và gọi service đúng không.
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- Kiểm tra method `failed(\Throwable $exception)` khi gặp sự cố.
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---
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## 2. Mã Mẫu Chuẩn: Job Unit Test
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### Job Nguồn: `App\Jobs\SendWelcomeEmailJob`
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```php
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namespace App\Jobs;
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use App\Contracts\MailerInterface;
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use App\Models\User;
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use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
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use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
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use Illuminate\Foundation\Bus\Dispatchable;
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use Illuminate\Queue\InteractsWithQueue;
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use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;
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class SendWelcomeEmailJob implements ShouldQueue
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{
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use Dispatchable, InteractsWithQueue, Queueable, SerializesModels;
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public int $tries = 3;
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public function __construct(
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public readonly User $user
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) {}
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public function handle(MailerInterface $mailer): void
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{
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$mailer->sendWelcome($this->user->email, $this->user->name);
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}
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public function failed(?\Throwable $exception): void
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{
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\Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log::error("Failed to send welcome email to user {$this->user->id}");
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}
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}
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```
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### Test Chuẩn: PHPUnit 10+
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```php
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namespace Tests\Unit\Jobs;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
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use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
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use Mockery;
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use App\Jobs\SendWelcomeEmailJob;
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use App\Contracts\MailerInterface;
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use App\Models\User;
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use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
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class SendWelcomeEmailJobTest extends TestCase
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{
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protected function tearDown(): void
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{
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Mockery::close();
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parent::tearDown();
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}
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#[Test]
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public function it_sends_welcome_email_when_handled(): void
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{
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// Arrange
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$user = new User(['id' => 10, 'name' => 'Thien', 'email' => 'thien@example.com']);
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$mailerMock = Mockery::mock(MailerInterface::class);
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$mailerMock->shouldReceive('sendWelcome')
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->once()
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->with('thien@example.com', 'Thien');
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$job = new SendWelcomeEmailJob($user);
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// Act
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$job->handle($mailerMock);
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// Assert: Mockery tự động verify qua expectation ->once()
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$this->assertTrue(true);
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}
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#[Test]
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public function it_logs_error_when_job_fails(): void
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{
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// Arrange
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$user = new User(['id' => 10, 'name' => 'Thien', 'email' => 'thien@example.com']);
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$job = new SendWelcomeEmailJob($user);
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Log::shouldReceive('error')
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->once()
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->with('Failed to send welcome email to user 10');
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// Act
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$job->failed(new \RuntimeException('SMTP Connection Timeout'));
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}
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}
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```
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