chore: v2.8.62 — every account sees other users' avatars

System Health shows every user's name and avatarAt to everyone, but the
picture route GET /api/users/:id/avatar sat under the staff-only /users
prefix, so a developer got 403 EADMIN and saw only initials. authGuard now
lets any signed-in account make that one read (EVERYONE_READS); every
other /users path stays staff-only, and the test checks both.

client/src/components/BackgroundJobsDock.tsx

@@ -287,6 +287,11 @@ function UploadChip({ job }: { job: UploadJob }) {
       {isArmed("stop") && !stopping && (
         <p className="text-[11px] text-status-danger">{t("uploads.stopConfirm")}</p>
       )}
+      {job.waiting && !stopping && (
+        <p className="text-[11px] text-status-warning" role="status" data-testid="upload-waiting">
+          {t("uploads.waiting")}
+        </p>
+      )}
       <p className="truncate text-[11px] text-fg-muted" title={job.folder}>
         {job.folder}
         {job.name ? ` · ${job.name}` : ""}

client/src/components/conversation/MarkdownContent.tsx

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 
 import React from "react";
 import { CodeBlock } from "./CodeBlock";
+import { onLinkClick } from "../../lib/openInPreview";
 
 type Block =
   | { kind: "code"; lang: string; code: string }
@@ -305,7 +306,13 @@ const LABEL_CLASS = (word: string) =>
 
 function UrlLink({ url }: { url: string }) {
   return (
-    <a href={url} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className={LINK_CLASS}>
+    <a
+      href={url}
+      target="_blank"
+      rel="noopener noreferrer"
+      onClick={(e) => onLinkClick(e, url)}
+      className={LINK_CLASS}
+    >
       {url}
     </a>
   );
@@ -466,6 +473,7 @@ function renderInline(text: string, baseKey = ""): React.ReactNode[] {
           href={href}
           target="_blank"
           rel="noopener noreferrer"
+          onClick={(e) => onLinkClick(e, href)}
           className="text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300 hover:text-violet-800 dark:hover:text-violet-200 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-violet-400/40 hover:decoration-violet-300/70"
         >
           {renderInline(linkM[1]!, `${baseKey}-l${n}`)}

client/src/components/conversation/MessageList.tsx

@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ function MessageListView({
           className={
             compact
               ? "space-y-3 py-1 pr-2"
-              : "mx-auto flex w-full max-w-3xl flex-col gap-3 px-4 py-6"
+              : "mx-auto flex w-full max-w-5xl flex-col gap-3 px-4 py-6"
           }
         >
           {items.map((item) => {

client/src/components/lanes/FileExplorer.tsx

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ import {
   type FsPlace,
   type GitSource,
   isHomePlace,
+  newUploadId,
 } from "../../lib/api";
 import type { Lane } from "../../lib/types";
 import { useDialog } from "../../hooks/useDialog";
@@ -529,7 +530,13 @@ export function FileBrowser({
       await fn();
       if (done) toast.success(done);
     } catch (e) {
-      toast.error(errCode(e) === "EUPGRADE" ? t("fx.needsUpgrade") : errText(e));
+      toast.error(
+        errCode(e) === "EUPGRADE"
+          ? t("fx.needsUpgrade")
+          : errCode(e) === "ESECRET"
+            ? t("fx.secret")
+            : errText(e)
+      );
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
       changed();
@@ -682,13 +689,21 @@ export function FileBrowser({
     // false once the server says a batch cannot be written here (an old helper).
     let batchable = true;
     const show = (name: string, extra = 0) => job.update({ name, done, sent: sent + extra });
+    const onWait = (waiting: boolean) => job.update({ waiting });
     /** One file; false = the user cancelled. */
     const one = async ({ file, rel }: { file: File; rel: string }) => {
       if (signal.aborted) return false;
       const dest = join(dir, rel);
       show(rel);
+      // One id for every attempt: a retry with another `conflict` reuses the staged bytes.
+      const upload = newUploadId();
       const send = (c: FsConflict) =>
-        api.files.upload(place, dest, file, c, (n) => show(rel, n), signal);
+        api.files.uploadStaged(place, dest, file, c, {
+          upload,
+          onProgress: (n) => show(rel, n),
+          onWait,
+          signal,
+        });
       try {
         const r = await send(forAll ?? "fail").catch(async (e) => {
           if (errCode(e) !== "EEXISTS") throw e;
@@ -701,6 +716,9 @@ export function FileBrowser({
       } catch (e) {
         if (errCode(e) === "ECANCEL" || errCode(e) === "EABORT") return false;
         toast.error(t("fx.uploadFailed", { name: rel, message: errText(e) }));
+      } finally {
+        onWait(false);
+        void api.files.dropUpload(place, upload);
       }
       sent += file.size;
       done++;
@@ -720,6 +738,7 @@ export function FileBrowser({
         return a.choice;
       };
       if (signal.aborted) return "cancel";
+      const upload = newUploadId();
       try {
         const c = await api.files.uploadCheck(
           place,
@@ -733,7 +752,12 @@ export function FileBrowser({
         let policy = await choose(c.taken);
         if (!policy) return "cancel";
         const send = (p: FsConflict) =>
-          api.files.uploadBatch(place, dir, b, p, (n) => show(label, n), signal);
+          api.files.uploadBatchStaged(place, dir, b, p, {
+            upload,
+            onProgress: (n) => show(label, n),
+            onWait,
+            signal,
+          });
         const r = await send(policy).catch(async (e) => {
           // Taken meanwhile: ask about those, then once more.
           if (errCode(e) !== "EEXISTS") throw e;
@@ -752,6 +776,9 @@ export function FileBrowser({
           return "fallback";
         }
         toast.error(t("fx.uploadFailed", { name: label, message: errText(e) }));
+      } finally {
+        onWait(false);
+        void api.files.dropUpload(place, upload);
       }
       sent += size;
       done += b.length;
@@ -1693,7 +1720,6 @@ export function FileBrowser({
             <span className="ml-auto hidden md:inline">{t("fx.dropHint")}</span>
           </div>
         )}
-
       </div>
 
       {ctx.menu && (

client/src/components/lanes/LaneChangesPanel.tsx

@@ -489,8 +489,9 @@ function FileActions({
           title={t("changes.discardConfirm")}
           disabled={busy}
           onClick={() => onAct("discard", f.path, true)}
-          className={`${HUNK_CHIP} border-status-danger bg-status-danger/20 text-status-danger`}
+          className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 rounded bg-status-danger/10 px-1 py-0.5 text-[11px] leading-3 text-status-danger hover:bg-status-danger/20 disabled:opacity-40"
         >
+          <Trash2 className="h-3 w-3" />
           {t("changes.discardShortConfirm")}
         </button>
       ) : (

client/src/components/lanes/LaneGitHeader.tsx

@@ -373,12 +373,17 @@ export function LaneGitHeader({
         className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-baseline gap-1.5 font-mono text-[11px]"
         title={`${git.head} ${git.subject}`}
       >
-        <span className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 self-center font-semibold text-fg-primary">
-          <GitBranch className="h-3 w-3 text-fg-muted" />
-          {git.branch}
+        {/* A long branch name truncates too (after the subject has gone),
+            or it overflowed onto the head and the action icons. */}
+        <span
+          className="flex min-w-[5rem] items-center gap-1 self-center font-semibold text-fg-primary"
+          title={git.branch}
+        >
+          <GitBranch className="h-3 w-3 shrink-0 text-fg-muted" />
+          <span className="truncate">{git.branch}</span>
         </span>
         <span className="shrink-0 text-fg-muted">{git.head}</span>
-        <span className="min-w-0 truncate text-fg-muted">{git.subject}</span>
+        <span className="min-w-0 shrink-[999] truncate text-fg-muted">{git.subject}</span>
       </div>
     </>
   );

client/src/components/lanes/SessionReplay.tsx

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ export function SessionReplay({
       {livePane ? (
         <div
           data-testid="session-replay-live"
-          className="mx-auto flex w-full max-w-3xl items-center gap-2 rounded-2xl border border-border p-3 text-xs text-fg-secondary"
+          className="mx-auto flex w-full max-w-5xl items-center gap-2 rounded-2xl border border-border p-3 text-xs text-fg-secondary"
         >
           <span className="min-w-0 flex-1">{t("replay.live")}</span>
           <button
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ export function SessionReplay({
       ) : session && !resumable ? (
         <div
           data-testid="session-replay-no-resume"
-          className="mx-auto flex w-full max-w-3xl items-center gap-2 rounded-2xl border border-border p-3 text-xs text-fg-secondary"
+          className="mx-auto flex w-full max-w-5xl items-center gap-2 rounded-2xl border border-border p-3 text-xs text-fg-secondary"
         >
           <span className="min-w-0 flex-1">{t("replay.noResume", { tool })}</span>
           <button
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export function SessionReplay({
           </button>
         </div>
       ) : (
-        <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-3xl rounded-2xl border border-border p-2 shadow-sm transition-colors focus-within:border-accent/50">
+        <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-5xl rounded-2xl border border-border p-2 shadow-sm transition-colors focus-within:border-accent/50">
           <PromptEditor
             bare
             images={images}

client/src/components/lanes/UrlPreview.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+/**
+ * @file UrlPreview.tsx
+ * @description The session panel's Preview tab: a web page (a lane's dev
+ * server, mostly) shown beside the console. One bar — address, Reload, Open
+ * in a browser tab — and, before anything is open, the workspace's own ports
+ * as one-click chips. The page runs in an `<iframe src>` on ITS OWN origin:
+ * `normalizePreviewUrl` refuses the dashboard's origin and anything but
+ * http(s), and the sandbox leaves out top navigation so a page cannot move
+ * the dashboard away. A site that forbids framing (most login pages) shows
+ * blank or as the browser's broken-page icon; that is the browser's rule and
+ * cannot be read from here, so any page not on this machine gets a strip
+ * saying so with the Open button beside it. The
+ * last address is remembered per workspace in localStorage (a viewer
+ * convenience, never the server's).
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
+import { ExternalLink, Globe, RotateCw } from "lucide-react";
+import { isLoopbackUrl, normalizePreviewUrl } from "../../lib/openInPreview";
+import { isSubmitEnter } from "../../lib/keys";
+import { toast } from "../../lib/toast";
+
+const KEY = (laneId: number) => `agenthub.preview.url.${laneId}`;
+
+function readSaved(laneId: number): string {
+  try {
+    return window.localStorage.getItem(KEY(laneId)) ?? "";
+  } catch {
+    return "";
+  }
+}
+
+/** The frame's sandbox: everything a web app needs, minus moving the
+ *  dashboard (`allow-top-navigation*`). `allow-same-origin` is the PAGE's
+ *  own origin — never the dashboard's, which `normalizePreviewUrl` refuses. */
+const FRAME_SANDBOX =
+  "allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-forms allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-modals allow-downloads";
+
+export function UrlPreview({
+  laneId,
+  ports,
+  request,
+}: {
+  laneId: number;
+  /** The lane's bound ports, by name — the chips of the empty state. */
+  ports: Record<string, number>;
+  /** A link asked for this page (`openInPreview`); a new nonce re-opens it. */
+  request: { url: string; nonce: number } | null;
+}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation("lanes");
+  const [url, setUrl] = useState(() => readSaved(laneId));
+  const [draft, setDraft] = useState(url);
+  const [reload, setReload] = useState(0);
+
+  // Another workspace: its own last page.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const saved = readSaved(laneId);
+    setUrl(saved);
+    setDraft(saved);
+  }, [laneId]);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (request) go(request.url);
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps -- keyed on the nonce
+  }, [request?.nonce]);
+
+  function go(raw: string) {
+    const next = normalizePreviewUrl(raw);
+    if (!next) {
+      toast.error(t("preview.badUrl"));
+      return;
+    }
+    setUrl(next);
+    setDraft(next);
+    setReload((n) => n + 1);
+    try {
+      window.localStorage.setItem(KEY(laneId), next);
+    } catch {
+      /* disabled storage: the tab just forgets between visits */
+    }
+  }
+
+  const openTab = () => url && window.open(url, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer");
+  const portList = Object.entries(ports ?? {}).filter(([, p]) => Number.isInteger(p) && p > 0);
+  const btn =
+    "flex h-7 w-7 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-fg-muted transition-colors hover:bg-surface-4 hover:text-fg-primary disabled:opacity-40 disabled:hover:bg-transparent";
+
+  return (
+    <div className="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col" data-testid="url-preview">
+      <div className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 border-b border-border px-2 py-1.5">
+        <input
+          value={draft}
+          onChange={(e) => setDraft(e.target.value)}
+          onKeyDown={(e) => {
+            if (isSubmitEnter(e)) {
+              e.preventDefault();
+              go(draft);
+            }
+          }}
+          placeholder="localhost:3000"
+          aria-label={t("preview.address")}
+          spellCheck={false}
+          className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded border border-border bg-surface-1 px-2 py-1 font-mono text-[11px] text-fg-primary"
+        />
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          className={btn}
+          disabled={!url}
+          onClick={() => setReload((n) => n + 1)}
+          title={t("preview.reload")}
+          aria-label={t("preview.reload")}
+        >
+          <RotateCw className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          className={btn}
+          disabled={!url}
+          onClick={openTab}
+          title={t("preview.openTab")}
+          aria-label={t("preview.openTab")}
+        >
+          <ExternalLink className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+      {url && !isLoopbackUrl(url) && (
+        // An outside site: most refuse to be framed, and a refusal cannot be
+        // detected from here — so say it, with the way out beside it.
+        <div
+          data-testid="url-preview-blocked-hint"
+          className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-2 border-b border-border bg-surface-2 px-2 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-fg-secondary"
+        >
+          <span className="min-w-0 flex-1">{t("preview.blockedHint")}</span>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            onClick={openTab}
+            className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 rounded-md px-1.5 py-0.5 font-medium text-accent hover:bg-surface-4"
+          >
+            <ExternalLink className="h-3 w-3" />
+            {t("preview.openTabShort")}
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      )}
+      {url ? (
+        <iframe
+          key={`${url}#${reload}`}
+          src={url}
+          title={t("preview.title")}
+          sandbox={FRAME_SANDBOX}
+          referrerPolicy="no-referrer"
+          className="min-h-0 w-full flex-1 border-0 bg-white"
+          data-testid="url-preview-frame"
+        />
+      ) : (
+        <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 px-6 text-center">
+          <Globe className="h-6 w-6 text-fg-muted" />
+          <p className="text-xs text-fg-secondary">{t("preview.empty")}</p>
+          {portList.length > 0 && (
+            <div className="flex flex-wrap justify-center gap-1.5">
+              {portList.map(([name, port]) => (
+                <button
+                  key={name}
+                  type="button"
+                  onClick={() => go(`localhost:${port}`)}
+                  title={name}
+                  className="rounded-full border border-border px-2.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[11px] text-fg-secondary transition-colors hover:bg-surface-4 hover:text-fg-primary"
+                >
+                  localhost:{port}
+                </button>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          )}
+          <p className="text-[11px] text-fg-muted">{t("preview.loginHint")}</p>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

client/src/components/lanes/__tests__/FileExplorer.test.tsx

@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ vi.mock("../../../lib/api", () => ({
   gitTarget: (lane: number, session?: string | null, source?: number | null) =>
     source ? { lane, source } : session ? { lane, session } : lane,
   isHomePlace: (p: unknown) => typeof p === "object" && p !== null && "home" in p,
+  newUploadId: (() => {
+    let n = 0;
+    return () => `upload-id-${String(++n).padStart(8, "0")}`;
+  })(),
   api: {
     lanes: {
       list: vi.fn(),
@@ -52,8 +56,9 @@ vi.mock("../../../lib/api", () => ({
       allTrash: vi.fn(),
       restore: vi.fn(),
       purge: vi.fn(),
-      upload: vi.fn(),
-      uploadBatch: vi.fn(),
+      uploadStaged: vi.fn(),
+      uploadBatchStaged: vi.fn(),
+      dropUpload: vi.fn(async () => null),
       uploadCheck: vi.fn(),
       zipUrl: (t: number, ps: string[]) => `/api/lanes/${t}/fs/zip?p=${ps.join("&p=")}`,
     },
@@ -236,7 +241,7 @@ describe("FileExplorer", () => {
   });
 
   it("asks about a taken name on upload, and sends the choice", async () => {
-    vi.mocked(api.files.upload)
+    vi.mocked(api.files.uploadStaged)
       .mockRejectedValueOnce(
         Object.assign(new Error("taken"), { code: "EEXISTS", names: ["a.txt"] })
       )
@@ -249,20 +254,24 @@ describe("FileExplorer", () => {
     const ask = await screen.findByTestId("fx-conflict");
     await user.click(within(ask).getByRole("button", { name: "Keep both" }));
     await waitFor(() =>
-      expect(api.files.upload).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
+      expect(api.files.uploadStaged).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(
         1,
         "a.txt",
         file,
         "keep",
-        expect.any(Function),
-        expect.any(AbortSignal)
+        expect.objectContaining({ upload: expect.any(String), signal: expect.any(AbortSignal) })
       )
     );
+    // The retry names the SAME upload, so the staged bytes are not sent again,
+    // and the staged upload is dropped once answered.
+    const [first, second] = vi.mocked(api.files.uploadStaged).mock.calls.map((c) => c[4].upload);
+    expect(second).toBe(first);
+    await waitFor(() => expect(api.files.dropUpload).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1, first));
   });
 
   it("sends many small files as one batch, asking once about every taken name", async () => {
     vi.mocked(api.files.uploadCheck).mockResolvedValue({ taken: ["a.txt", "b.txt"], batch: true });
-    vi.mocked(api.files.uploadBatch).mockResolvedValue({ saved: 3, skipped: 0, paths: [] });
+    vi.mocked(api.files.uploadBatchStaged).mockResolvedValue({ saved: 3, skipped: 0, paths: [] });
     const user = userEvent.setup();
     open();
     await screen.findByText("a.txt");
@@ -271,33 +280,32 @@ describe("FileExplorer", () => {
     const ask = await screen.findByTestId("fx-conflict");
     await user.click(within(ask).getByRole("button", { name: "Replace" }));
     await waitFor(() =>
-      expect(api.files.uploadBatch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect(api.files.uploadBatchStaged).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
         1,
         "",
         files.map((file) => ({ file, rel: file.name })),
         "replace",
-        expect.any(Function),
-        expect.any(AbortSignal)
+        expect.objectContaining({ upload: expect.any(String), signal: expect.any(AbortSignal) })
       )
     );
     expect(api.files.uploadCheck).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1, "", ["a.txt", "b.txt", "c.txt"]);
-    expect(api.files.upload).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(api.files.uploadStaged).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
   it("falls back to one request per file when the server cannot take a batch", async () => {
     vi.mocked(api.files.uploadCheck).mockResolvedValue({ taken: [], batch: false });
-    vi.mocked(api.files.upload).mockResolvedValue({ path: "x" });
+    vi.mocked(api.files.uploadStaged).mockResolvedValue({ path: "x" });
     const user = userEvent.setup();
     open();
     await screen.findByText("a.txt");
     const files = ["x.txt", "y.txt"].map((n) => new File(["hi"], n));
     await user.upload(screen.getByTestId("fx-upload-files"), files);
-    await waitFor(() => expect(api.files.upload).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2));
-    expect(api.files.uploadBatch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    await waitFor(() => expect(api.files.uploadStaged).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2));
+    expect(api.files.uploadBatchStaged).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
   it("leaves a picked repo's .git out of a folder upload, with one notice", async () => {
-    vi.mocked(api.files.upload).mockResolvedValue({ path: "x" });
+    vi.mocked(api.files.uploadStaged).mockResolvedValue({ path: "x" });
     open();
     await screen.findByText("a.txt");
     const mk = (rel: string) => {
@@ -307,8 +315,8 @@ describe("FileExplorer", () => {
     };
     const files = ["repo/.git/HEAD", "repo/.git/objects/d4/ab", "repo/src/a.js"].map(mk);
     fireEvent.change(screen.getByTestId("fx-upload-folder"), { target: { files } });
-    await waitFor(() => expect(api.files.upload).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
-    expect(vi.mocked(api.files.upload).mock.calls[0]![1]).toBe("repo/src/a.js");
+    await waitFor(() => expect(api.files.uploadStaged).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1));
+    expect(vi.mocked(api.files.uploadStaged).mock.calls[0]![1]).toBe("repo/src/a.js");
     expect(toast.info).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     expect(toast.error).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
@@ -320,7 +328,7 @@ describe("FileExplorer", () => {
     Object.defineProperty(big, "size", { value: 600 * 1024 * 1024 });
     fireEvent.change(screen.getByTestId("fx-upload-files"), { target: { files: [big] } });
     await waitFor(() => expect(toast.error).toHaveBeenCalled());
-    expect(api.files.upload).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(api.files.uploadStaged).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
   it("restores from the Trash", async () => {

client/src/components/lanes/__tests__/UrlPreview.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/**
+ * @file UrlPreview.test.tsx
+ * @description The Preview tab: port chips before a page is open, the
+ * address bar opening a page in a sandboxed frame without top navigation,
+ * a link's request opening its page, the dashboard's own origin refused, and
+ * the framing-refusal strip shown for an outside site only.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { fireEvent, render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
+import "../../../i18n";
+import { UrlPreview } from "../UrlPreview";
+
+beforeEach(() => window.localStorage.clear());
+
+describe("UrlPreview", () => {
+  it("offers the workspace's ports, and a chip opens that page", () => {
+    render(<UrlPreview laneId={1} ports={{ web: 3001 }} request={null} />);
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByText("localhost:3001"));
+    const frame = screen.getByTestId("url-preview-frame");
+    expect(frame.getAttribute("src")).toBe("http://localhost:3001/");
+    expect(frame.getAttribute("sandbox")).not.toMatch(/top-navigation/);
+    expect(window.localStorage.getItem("agenthub.preview.url.1")).toBe("http://localhost:3001/");
+  });
+
+  it("opens what the address bar names, and refuses the dashboard itself", () => {
+    render(<UrlPreview laneId={2} ports={{}} request={null} />);
+    const input = screen.getByRole("textbox");
+    fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: window.location.origin + "/settings" } });
+    fireEvent.keyDown(input, { key: "Enter" });
+    expect(screen.queryByTestId("url-preview-frame")).toBeNull();
+    fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: "127.0.0.1:8080/app" } });
+    fireEvent.keyDown(input, { key: "Enter" });
+    expect(screen.getByTestId("url-preview-frame").getAttribute("src")).toBe(
+      "http://127.0.0.1:8080/app"
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("warns that an outside site may refuse to be framed, never for a local page", () => {
+    render(<UrlPreview laneId={4} ports={{}} request={null} />);
+    const input = screen.getByRole("textbox");
+    fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: "localhost:3000" } });
+    fireEvent.keyDown(input, { key: "Enter" });
+    expect(screen.queryByTestId("url-preview-blocked-hint")).toBeNull();
+    fireEvent.change(input, { target: { value: "https://youtube.com" } });
+    fireEvent.keyDown(input, { key: "Enter" });
+    expect(screen.getByTestId("url-preview-blocked-hint")).toBeTruthy();
+  });
+
+  it("opens a link's request", () => {
+    render(
+      <UrlPreview laneId={3} ports={{}} request={{ url: "http://localhost:5173/", nonce: 1 }} />
+    );
+    expect(screen.getByTestId("url-preview-frame").getAttribute("src")).toBe(
+      "http://localhost:5173/"
+    );
+  });
+});

client/src/components/run/ConsoleTabs.tsx

@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
  * keys, Home and End move between tabs (one tab stop, APG). Errors are
  * toasts. The `+` menu opens a new tab in the free slot the server picks
  * (`slot: "auto"`) — a plain shell (`POST /api/lanes/:id/start {shell: true}`)
- * or an installed, enabled AI tool started bare on its default model, no
- * prompt (a prompt, proxy or worktree is still the workspace home's prompt
+ * or an installed, enabled AI tool started bare on its default model and
+ * the account's Session defaults (permission mode, Codex sandbox/approval/
+ * bypass), no prompt (a prompt, proxy or worktree is still the workspace home's prompt
  * box) — plus a link to Settings → Agents. Ten sessions is the server's limit
  * (`MAX_PANE_SLOT`). The bar is the console's only header: Home (the
  * workspace's home) at its left end, `actions` (the single pane's split menus)
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ import {
   type GroupsUpdate,
 } from "./PaneGrid";
 import { insertionIndex } from "../../lib/laneOrderStorage";
+import { readCodexDefaults, readDefaultMode } from "../../lib/sessionDefaults";
 import {
   type PaneGroups,
   MAX_PANES,
@@ -140,15 +142,21 @@ export function newTabTools(lane: Lane, aiTools: AiToolsState): string[] {
   ];
 }
 
-/** The start body of a bare tool on its default model, no prompt. Only a
- *  different tool is named, as the home does: the workspace's own keeps
- *  starting even once disabled. */
+/** The start body of a bare tool on its default model, no prompt, in the
+ *  account's Session defaults (Claude's permission mode, Codex's sandbox,
+ *  approval and bypass) — the same ones the workspace home's prompt box starts
+ *  from. Only a different tool is named, as the home does: the workspace's own
+ *  keeps starting even once disabled. */
 export function newTabBody(id: string, lane: Lane, aiTools: AiToolsState) {
   const model = aiTools.byId(id)?.defaultModel;
+  const codex = id === "codex" ? readCodexDefaults() : null;
   return {
     prompt: "",
     ...(id !== lane.tool ? { tool: id } : {}),
     ...(model ? { model } : {}),
+    ...(id === "claude" ? { permissionMode: readDefaultMode() } : {}),
+    ...(codex ? { sandbox: codex.sandbox, approval: codex.approval } : {}),
+    ...(codex?.bypass && aiTools.byId(id)?.bypass ? { bypass: true } : {}),
   };
 }
 

client/src/components/run/PaneChat.tsx

@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ export const PaneChat = memo(function PaneChat({
           )}
         </div>
         <div className="mx-4">
-          <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-3xl">
+          <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-5xl">
             {menu && (
               <PaneMenuCard
                 // A new question starts with its field closed.

client/src/components/run/TerminalView.tsx

@@ -86,10 +86,12 @@ import {
   sameFilesHere,
 } from "../../lib/promptAttach";
 import { attachImeInput } from "../../lib/imeInput";
+import { wheelReports, type WheelState } from "../../lib/wheelReports";
 import { nativePasteKey, nativePasteWorks, readNativePaste } from "../../lib/nativePaste";
 import { usePermissions } from "../AuthGate";
 import { TERMINAL_FONTS, readTerminalFont } from "../../lib/terminalFont";
 import { FONT_SIZE_EVENT, readTerminalFontSize } from "../../lib/fontSize";
+import { openInPreview } from "../../lib/openInPreview";
 
 type DropState = "hint" | "paste" | "uploading" | "failed" | "tooBig" | "tooBigLocalPaste";
 
@@ -462,7 +464,10 @@ export const TerminalView = memo(function TerminalView({
       searchRef.current = search;
       term.loadAddon(new ClipboardWithProvider(undefined, clipboardProvider));
       term.loadAddon(
-        new WebLinksAddon((_e, uri) => {
+        new WebLinksAddon((e, uri) => {
+          // A local page opens in the session panel's Preview (one rule
+          // for every link, `lib/openInPreview.ts`); Ctrl/Cmd keeps a tab.
+          if (!e.ctrlKey && !e.metaKey && !e.shiftKey && openInPreview(uri)) return;
           window.open(uri, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer");
         })
       );
@@ -520,9 +525,32 @@ export const TerminalView = memo(function TerminalView({
       // wheel report itself — psmux scrolls, or hands it to the pane's app.
       // ponytail: at 1;1, which is all psmux reports to the app anyway.
       let ownWheel = false;
+      // Tracked: the reports are this pane's own too — one per
+      // LINES_PER_REPORT rows of travel (lib/wheelReports.ts), where xterm
+      // sends one per event and damps a touchpad ×0.3. SGR, as tmux always
+      // asks for it; at the pointer's cell, with xterm's modifier bits.
+      const wheelState: WheelState = { partial: 0 };
+      const sendWheel = (ev: WheelEvent) => {
+        const screen = term.element?.querySelector(".xterm-screen");
+        const box = screen?.getBoundingClientRect();
+        if (!box || !box.height || !box.width) return;
+        const n = wheelReports(wheelState, ev, box.height / term.rows, term.rows);
+        const ws = wsRef.current;
+        if (!n || !ws || ws.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) return;
+        const clamp = (v: number, max: number) => Math.min(max, Math.max(1, v));
+        const col = clamp(Math.floor(((ev.clientX - box.left) / box.width) * term.cols) + 1, term.cols);
+        const row = clamp(Math.floor(((ev.clientY - box.top) / box.height) * term.rows) + 1, term.rows);
+        const button = (n < 0 ? 64 : 65) | (ev.altKey ? 8 : 0) | (ev.ctrlKey ? 16 : 0);
+        ws.send(`\x1b[<${button};${col};${row}M`.repeat(Math.abs(n)));
+      };
       term.attachCustomWheelEventHandler((ev) => {
         const mode = term.modes.mouseTrackingMode;
         const tracked = mode !== "none" && mode !== "x10";
+        // Shift+wheel stays xterm's (it reports nothing for it).
+        if (tracked && !ev.shiftKey) {
+          sendWheel(ev);
+          return false;
+        }
         if (!tracked && ownWheel) {
           if (ev.deltaY && wsRef.current?.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
             wsRef.current.send(`\x1b[<${ev.deltaY < 0 ? 64 : 65};1;1M`);

client/src/components/run/__tests__/TerminalView.test.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import {
   screen,
   waitFor,
 } from "@testing-library/react";
+import { Terminal } from "@xterm/xterm";
 import { TerminalView, altArrowSeq, loadXterm } from "../TerminalView";
 import { pasteToLane, pasteToRun } from "../../../lib/panePaste";
 import { __resetNativePaste, nativePasteWorks } from "../../../lib/nativePaste";
@@ -326,13 +327,33 @@ describe("TerminalView", () => {
     expect(wheelHandlerMock.mock.calls[0]![0]!(new Event("wheel"))).toBe(false);
   });
 
-  it("lets the wheel through once the pane's program tracks the mouse", () => {
-    // tmux with `mouse on` sets this; the wheel must reach it as a real SGR
-    // report, so returning false here would kill scrolling entirely.
+  /** Gives the mocked terminal an on-screen box: 10px per column and per row. */
+  const screenBox = () => {
+    const term = vi.mocked(Terminal).mock.results[vi.mocked(Terminal).mock.results.length - 1]!.value as { element: HTMLElement };
+    const screen = document.createElement("div");
+    screen.className = "xterm-screen";
+    screen.getBoundingClientRect = () =>
+      ({ left: 0, top: 0, width: termState.cols * 10, height: termState.rows * 10 }) as DOMRect;
+    term.element.appendChild(screen);
+  };
+
+  it("sends a tracked wheel itself, one report per LINES_PER_REPORT rows, at the pointer", () => {
+    // tmux with `mouse on` sets this. xterm would send ONE report per event and
+    // damp a touchpad ×0.3 — a swipe crawled — so the pane sends its own.
     termState.modes.mouseTrackingMode = "any";
     termState.buffer.active.type = "alternate";
     render(<TerminalView runId="agenthub-lane-1" wsBaseUrl="ws://localhost:4820" />);
-    expect(wheelHandlerMock.mock.calls[0]![0]!(new Event("wheel"))).toBe(true);
+    screenBox();
+    const ws = MockWebSocket.instances[MockWebSocket.instances.length - 1]!;
+    ws.sent.length = 0;
+    const wheel = wheelHandlerMock.mock.calls[0]![0]!;
+    // A notch of 6 rows: one report, at the cell under the pointer.
+    expect(wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: -60, clientX: 45, clientY: 72 }))).toBe(false);
+    expect(ws.sent).toEqual(["\x1b[<64;5;8M"]);
+    // A touchpad: 4 steps of 25px = 10 rows = two reports, sent as they add up.
+    ws.sent.length = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: 25, clientX: 5, clientY: 5 }));
+    expect(ws.sent.join("")).toBe("\x1b[<65;1;1M".repeat(2));
   });
 
   it("lets the wheel through on a normal buffer, where xterm scrolls scrollback", () => {
@@ -361,10 +382,11 @@ describe("TerminalView", () => {
     expect(wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: -100 }))).toBe(false);
     expect(wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: 100 }))).toBe(false);
     expect(ws.sent).toEqual(["\x1b[<64;1;1M", "\x1b[<65;1;1M"]);
-    // Tracked again (a tmux that does report): xterm sends it, never twice.
+    // Tracked again (a tmux that does report): sent once, by the tracked path.
     termState.modes.mouseTrackingMode = "any";
-    expect(wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: -100 }))).toBe(true);
-    expect(ws.sent).toHaveLength(2);
+    screenBox();
+    expect(wheel(new WheelEvent("wheel", { deltaY: -100 }))).toBe(false);
+    expect(ws.sent).toHaveLength(3);
   });
 
   it("keeps Shift+Tab in the terminal instead of letting focus escape", () => {

client/src/components/settings/GitIdentitySettings.tsx

@@ -19,14 +19,30 @@
  * the next one below) — and, for
  * a user with their own Linux account (S3), their own HTTPS
  * logins. The host account's HTTPS logins are the shared Git credentials
- * table above it, so this lists them only for a member. The private key and
+ * table above it, so this lists them only for a member. **Commit signing**
+ * (under the author): one picker signs every commit with one of the keys
+ * (`PUT /api/me/git/signing`), and **Import a key you have** takes a private
+ * key file or paste (`POST /api/me/git/ssh-key/import`) and, ticked by
+ * default, signs with it in the same step. The private key and
  * every token are write-only: the server never returns them. A host identity
  * seen by a non-admin is read-only.
  * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
  */
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState, type ReactNode } from "react";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
-import { Cloud, Copy, GitBranch, KeyRound, Plus, RefreshCw, Server, Trash2 } from "lucide-react";
+import {
+  Cloud,
+  Copy,
+  FileKey,
+  GitBranch,
+  KeyRound,
+  PenLine,
+  Plus,
+  RefreshCw,
+  Server,
+  Trash2,
+  Upload,
+} from "lucide-react";
 import { api, type GitIdentity } from "../../lib/api";
 import { confirmDialog } from "../../lib/confirm";
 import { copyText } from "../../lib/clipboard";
@@ -216,6 +232,218 @@ function GitHostForm({
   );
 }
 
+/**
+ * Commit signing: the key every commit is signed with (one picker — choosing
+ * a key turns signing on, "Don't sign" off) and Import a key the user already
+ * has, which signs with it in the same step unless unticked.
+ */
+function SigningCard({
+  id,
+  keys,
+  keyLabel,
+  busy,
+  run,
+}: {
+  id: GitIdentity;
+  keys: Key[];
+  keyLabel: (keyId: string | null | undefined) => string;
+  busy: boolean;
+  run: (fn: () => Promise<GitIdentity>, done?: string) => Promise<boolean>;
+}) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation("settings");
+  const signing = id.signing ?? { state: "off" as const, key: null, path: null };
+  const current = signing.state === "on" ? keys.find((k) => k.id === signing.key) : undefined;
+  const [form, setForm] = useState<{ text: string; name: string; sign: boolean } | null>(null);
+
+  /** Sign with `keyId` (null = stop), asking before taking over the user's own setup. */
+  const choose = async (keyId: string | null) => {
+    if (keyId && signing.state === "foreign") {
+      if (
+        !(await confirmDialog({
+          title: t("gitIdentity.signReplaceConfirm", {
+            path: signing.path,
+            key: keyLabel(keyId),
+          }),
+          confirmLabel: t("gitIdentity.signReplace"),
+        }))
+      )
+        return;
+    }
+    await run(
+      () => api.gitIdentity.setSigning(keyId, signing.state === "foreign"),
+      keyId ? t("gitIdentity.signSaved", { key: keyLabel(keyId) }) : t("gitIdentity.signStopped")
+    );
+  };
+
+  const doImport = async () => {
+    if (!form) return;
+    let imported: string | null = null;
+    let foreign = false;
+    const ok = await run(
+      async () => {
+        const r = await api.gitIdentity.importKey({
+          privateKey: form.text,
+          ...(form.name.trim() ? { name: form.name.trim() } : {}),
+          sign: form.sign,
+        });
+        imported = r.imported?.id ?? null;
+        foreign = r.signError?.code === "EFOREIGNSIGN";
+        return r;
+      },
+      t("gitIdentity.imported", { name: form.name.trim() || "signing" })
+    );
+    if (!ok) return;
+    setForm(null);
+    // Saved, but the user's own signing setup was left alone: ask once.
+    if (imported && foreign) await choose(imported);
+  };
+
+  const readFile = async (file: File | undefined) => {
+    if (!file || !form) return;
+    // A key file is a few KB; anything far larger is not one.
+    if (file.size > 32 * 1024) return toast.error(t("gitIdentity.importPaste"));
+    const text = await file.text();
+    setForm({ ...form, text });
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <section
+      className="space-y-2 rounded-lg border border-border p-3"
+      aria-label={t("gitIdentity.signTitle")}
+    >
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+        <PenLine className="h-4 w-4 text-fg-muted" aria-hidden />
+        <h3 className="flex-1 text-xs font-semibold text-fg-primary">
+          {t("gitIdentity.signTitle")}
+        </h3>
+        {id.writable && !form && (
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            className={BTN}
+            disabled={busy}
+            onClick={() => setForm({ text: "", name: "", sign: true })}
+          >
+            <Upload className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+            {t("gitIdentity.importKey")}
+          </button>
+        )}
+      </div>
+      <p className="text-[11px] text-fg-muted">{t("gitIdentity.signIntro")}</p>
+
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+        <span
+          data-testid="git-signing-state"
+          className={`min-w-0 flex-1 text-[11px] ${
+            signing.state === "on" ? "text-status-success" : "text-fg-secondary"
+          }`}
+        >
+          {signing.state === "on"
+            ? t("gitIdentity.signOn", { key: keyLabel(signing.key) })
+            : signing.state === "foreign"
+              ? t("gitIdentity.signForeign", { path: signing.path })
+              : t("gitIdentity.signOff")}
+        </span>
+        {keys.length > 0 && (
+          <select
+            aria-label={t("gitIdentity.signKey")}
+            value={signing.state === "on" ? (signing.key ?? "") : ""}
+            disabled={busy || !id.writable}
+            onChange={(e) => void choose(e.target.value || null)}
+            className="select !py-1 !text-xs"
+          >
+            <option value="">
+              {signing.state === "foreign" ? signing.path : t("gitIdentity.signNone")}
+            </option>
+            {keys
+              .filter((k) => k.id)
+              .map((k) => (
+                <option key={k.id} value={k.id}>
+                  {keyLabel(k.id)}
+                </option>
+              ))}
+          </select>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {current && (
+        <Step n={1}>
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+            <span className="flex-1">{t("gitIdentity.signHostStep")}</span>
+            <button type="button" className={BTN} onClick={() => void copyText(current.publicKey)}>
+              <Copy className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+              {t("gitIdentity.copy")}
+            </button>
+          </div>
+          <div className="truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-fg-muted">{current.fingerprint}</div>
+        </Step>
+      )}
+
+      {form && (
+        <form
+          className="space-y-2 rounded border border-border p-2.5"
+          aria-label={t("gitIdentity.importTitle")}
+          onSubmit={(e) => {
+            e.preventDefault();
+            void doImport();
+          }}
+        >
+          <div className="text-xs font-medium text-fg-primary">{t("gitIdentity.importTitle")}</div>
+          <label className={`${BTN} cursor-pointer`}>
+            <FileKey className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+            {t("gitIdentity.importFile")}
+            <input
+              type="file"
+              className="sr-only"
+              onChange={(e) => void readFile(e.target.files?.[0])}
+            />
+          </label>
+          <textarea
+            aria-label={t("gitIdentity.importPaste")}
+            placeholder={t("gitIdentity.importPaste")}
+            value={form.text}
+            spellCheck={false}
+            autoComplete="off"
+            rows={4}
+            onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, text: e.target.value })}
+            className={`${INPUT} resize-y font-mono text-[10px]`}
+          />
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
+            <input
+              aria-label={t("gitIdentity.importName")}
+              placeholder={t("gitIdentity.importName")}
+              value={form.name}
+              autoComplete="off"
+              onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, name: e.target.value.toLowerCase() })}
+              className={`${INPUT} !w-40 font-mono`}
+            />
+            <label className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[11px] text-fg-secondary">
+              <input
+                type="checkbox"
+                checked={form.sign}
+                onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, sign: e.target.checked })}
+              />
+              {t("gitIdentity.importSign")}
+            </label>
+          </div>
+          <p className="text-[10px] text-fg-muted">{t("gitIdentity.importNote")}</p>
+          <div className="flex gap-2">
+            <button
+              type="submit"
+              disabled={busy || !form.text.trim()}
+              className="rounded border border-accent/40 bg-accent/15 px-3 py-1 text-xs text-accent hover:bg-accent/25 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40"
+            >
+              {t("gitIdentity.importSubmit")}
+            </button>
+            <button type="button" onClick={() => setForm(null)} className={BTN}>
+              {t("gitCreds.cancel")}
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </form>
+      )}
+    </section>
+  );
+}
+
 export function GitIdentitySettings() {
   const { t } = useTranslation("settings");
   const [id, setId] = useState<GitIdentity | null>(null);
@@ -572,6 +800,10 @@ export function GitIdentitySettings() {
         )}
       </form>
 
+      {id.signing !== undefined && (
+        <SigningCard id={id} keys={keys} keyLabel={keyLabel} busy={busy} run={run} />
+      )}
+
       <div className="space-y-3 rounded-lg border border-border p-3">
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
           <KeyRound className="h-4 w-4 text-fg-muted" aria-hidden />
@@ -616,6 +848,11 @@ export function GitIdentitySettings() {
                     onRemove={() => removeNamed(k.id!)}
                   >
                     <Step n={2}>{t("gitIdentity.gitHubStepAdd")}</Step>
+                    {id.signing?.state === "on" && id.signing.key === k.id && (
+                      <div className="text-[10px] text-status-success">
+                        {t("gitIdentity.signingBadge")}
+                      </div>
+                    )}
                     <Step n={3}>
                       {t("gitIdentity.namedGitStepHost", { name: k.name })}
                       {loginRows(rows, (r) => `ssh://${r.alias}/ → ${r.user}@${r.host}`)}

client/src/components/settings/__tests__/GitIdentitySettings.test.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
  * other host under "Other SSH hosts" — each kind of host in its own tab, so
  * the sections never mix; "Add another key" makes a named key as one more
  * card in its own tab, a second AWS account is saved from that card under
- * the key's name with that key, and a second GitHub key is tied to its host.
+ * the key's name with that key, and a second GitHub key is tied to its host;
+ * commit signing: a key picked signs commits, an imported key signs in the
+ * same step, and taking over the user's own signing key asks first.
  * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
  */
 import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from "vitest";
@@ -31,6 +33,8 @@ vi.mock("../../../lib/api", () => ({
       saveHttps: vi.fn(),
       saveAuthor: vi.fn(),
       removeHttps: vi.fn(),
+      importKey: vi.fn(),
+      setSigning: vi.fn(),
     },
   },
 }));
@@ -335,4 +339,55 @@ describe("GitIdentitySettings", () => {
     });
     expect(await within(work).findByText("ssh://git-2/ → git@github.com")).toBeInTheDocument();
   });
+
+  it("signs commits with an imported key in one step", async () => {
+    const signingKey = {
+      ...KEY,
+      id: "id_ed25519_signing",
+      type: "ed25519" as const,
+      name: "signing",
+    };
+    vi.mocked(api.gitIdentity.get).mockResolvedValue(
+      view({ sshKeys: [], signing: { state: "off", key: null, path: null } })
+    );
+    vi.mocked(api.gitIdentity.importKey).mockResolvedValue({
+      ...view({
+        sshKeys: [signingKey],
+        signing: { state: "on", key: "id_ed25519_signing", path: null },
+      }),
+      imported: signingKey,
+      signError: null,
+    });
+    render(<GitIdentitySettings />);
+    await userEvent.click(await screen.findByRole("button", { name: "Import a key you have" }));
+    const form = screen.getByRole("form", { name: "Import an existing private key" });
+    await userEvent.type(
+      within(form).getByLabelText(/paste the private key/),
+      "-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----x"
+    );
+    await userEvent.click(within(form).getByRole("button", { name: "Import" }));
+    expect(api.gitIdentity.importKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      privateKey: "-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----x",
+      sign: true,
+    });
+    expect(await screen.findByTestId("git-signing-state")).toHaveTextContent(/signed with signing/);
+    expect(confirmDialog).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("asks before taking over a signing key the user set up themselves", async () => {
+    const k = { ...KEY, id: "id_ed25519", type: "ed25519" as const, name: null };
+    vi.mocked(api.gitIdentity.get).mockResolvedValue(
+      view({ sshKeys: [k], signing: { state: "foreign", key: null, path: "~/.ssh/id_ed25519" } })
+    );
+    vi.mocked(api.gitIdentity.setSigning).mockResolvedValue(
+      view({ sshKeys: [k], signing: { state: "on", key: "id_ed25519", path: null } })
+    );
+    render(<GitIdentitySettings />);
+    expect(await screen.findByTestId("git-signing-state")).toHaveTextContent("~/.ssh/id_ed25519");
+    await userEvent.selectOptions(screen.getByLabelText("Signing key"), "id_ed25519");
+    expect(confirmDialog).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    await waitFor(() =>
+      expect(api.gitIdentity.setSigning).toHaveBeenCalledWith("id_ed25519", true)
+    );
+  });
 });

client/src/components/users/UserAvatar.tsx

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * @file UserAvatar.tsx
  * @description An account's round picture: the signed-in account's own
  * (`GET /api/me/avatar`) or, with `userId`, another's (`GET
- * /api/users/:id/avatar`, staff only), versioned by `avatarAt`; without one —
+ * /api/users/:id/avatar`, any signed-in account), versioned by `avatarAt`; without one —
  * or when the image fails to load — the first letters of its name. Used by the
  * sidebar's account row, its workspace owner groups, Settings → Account, the
  * Users page and its editor, the pool board and member picker, and System
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export function UserAvatar({
 }: {
   name: string;
   avatarAt?: string | null;
-  /** Another account's (staff only); omitted = the signed-in account's own. */
+  /** Another account's; omitted = the signed-in account's own. */
   userId?: number;
   /** How many letters of the name stand in for a missing picture. */
   letters?: number;

client/src/i18n/locales/en/lanes.json

@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@
   "jobs.expand": "Show background tasks",
   "uploads.stop": "Stop upload",
   "uploads.stopConfirm": "Click again to stop",
+  "uploads.waiting": "The dashboard is restarting — the upload resumes when it is back.",
   "uploads.stopping": "Stopping…",
   "uploads.stopped_one": "Upload stopped — {{count}} of {{total}} file sent.",
   "uploads.stopped_other": "Upload stopped — {{count}} of {{total}} files sent.",
@@ -385,6 +386,16 @@
   "menu.remove": "Delete workspace…",
   "panel.changes": "Changes",
   "panel.analyst": "Analyst",
+  "panel.preview": "Preview",
+  "preview.title": "Page preview",
+  "preview.address": "Page address",
+  "preview.reload": "Reload",
+  "preview.openTab": "Open in a browser tab",
+  "preview.badUrl": "Can't open that address — only an http(s) page other than AgentHub itself.",
+  "preview.empty": "Type an address, or click a localhost link in the chat or terminal.",
+  "preview.loginHint": "A blank page? The site may forbid embedding or need a login — open it in a browser tab.",
+  "preview.blockedHint": "Sites like YouTube, Google or a login page refuse to show inside another page. A blank page or a broken-page icon means that — open it in a browser tab.",
+  "preview.openTabShort": "Open tab",
   "replay.placeholder": "Message to continue this session…",
   "replay.hint": "Sending resumes the session in a free pane.",
   "replay.send": "Send",
@@ -635,6 +646,7 @@
   "fx.pasted": "Pasted.",
   "fx.crossOnlyWorkspace": "These items can only be pasted where they came from (a session worktree, an extra folder, or between two homes).",
   "fx.needsUpgrade": "This needs the updated server helper — ask an admin to run `agenthub server install-system` once.",
+  "fx.secret": "Hidden folders at the top of a home (.ssh, .config…) are not editable here — use a terminal. For an SSH key to clone or sign commits: Settings → Git.",
   "fx.conflictTitle": "Already there",
   "fx.conflictBody": "This name is taken in the destination: {{names}}",
   "fx.conflictAll": "Do this for every remaining file",

client/src/i18n/locales/en/settings.json

@@ -883,6 +883,28 @@
     "authorName": "Name",
     "authorEmail": "Email",
     "authorUnset": "Not set yet: commits from the dashboard and your agents fail until a name and email are saved. Filled in from your account — check and save.",
+    "signTitle": "Commit signing",
+    "signIntro": "Sign every commit — from your terminal, the Changes panel or an agent — with one of your SSH keys, so a host that requires signed commits accepts your push.",
+    "signOff": "Commits are not signed.",
+    "signOn": "Every commit is signed with {{key}}.",
+    "signForeign": "Commits are signed with a key you set up yourself: {{path}}.",
+    "signKey": "Signing key",
+    "signNone": "Don't sign",
+    "signHostStep": "Add this public key to your account on the host as a SIGNING key (Gitea/GitHub: SSH / GPG Keys — on Gitea press Verify), and keep your commit email above the same as the host account's.",
+    "signReplaceConfirm": "Your git already signs with {{path}}. Switch to {{key}}?",
+    "signReplace": "Switch",
+    "signSaved": "Commits are now signed with {{key}}.",
+    "signStopped": "Commits are no longer signed.",
+    "importKey": "Import a key you have",
+    "importTitle": "Import an existing private key",
+    "importFile": "Choose the key file",
+    "importPaste": "…or paste the private key (-----BEGIN … PRIVATE KEY-----)",
+    "importName": "Name (optional)",
+    "importSign": "Sign my commits with it",
+    "importNote": "The key must have no passphrase (a dashboard commit has nowhere to type one). It is stored in your own account; only its public half is ever shown again.",
+    "importSubmit": "Import",
+    "imported": "Key {{name}} imported.",
+    "signingBadge": "Signs commits",
     "authorSaved": "Commit author saved.",
     "title": "Your git identity",
     "descriptionMember": "Your own SSH key and HTTPS logins, kept in your own home. Add workspace → Clone uses them, and the clone keeps them for its later fetch, pull and push.",
@@ -904,9 +926,9 @@
     "terminalHint": "A clone, fetch or push you type yourself (in a pane or over SSH) uses this key, then your own ~/.ssh keys. Sets core.sshCommand in your ~/.gitconfig.",
     "terminalForeign": "Your ~/.gitconfig already sets its own core.sshCommand, so AgentHub leaves it alone. Remove it to use this key in the terminal.",
     "sshIntro": "Use the section for where your code lives. Each kind of host takes its own key; you need only the ones you use.",
-    "gitHubTitle": "GitHub · GitLab · Gitea · Bitbucket",
+    "gitHubTitle": "GitHub · GitLab · Gitea · Bitbucket · Backlog",
     "gitHubSub": "ED25519 key — the git@… SSH address",
-    "gitHubStepAdd": "Add it to your account on the host: GitHub → Settings → SSH and GPG keys → New SSH key. GitLab: Preferences → SSH Keys. Paste the whole line.",
+    "gitHubStepAdd": "Add it to your account on the host and paste the whole line: GitHub → Settings → SSH and GPG keys. GitLab → Preferences → SSH Keys. Gitea → Settings → SSH / GPG Keys. Backlog → Personal settings → Register SSH key.",
     "awsTitle": "AWS CodeCommit",
     "awsSub": "RSA 4096 key — AWS accepts only RSA",
     "stepCopy": "Copy the public key.",
@@ -932,10 +954,10 @@
     "aliasPlaceholder": "name (optional)",
     "aliasHint": "Leave empty for the default account of this host. Give a name (e.g. aws-prod, lowercase, no dot) for one more account: clone it as ssh://<name>/…",
     "awsMany": "Several AWS accounts? Add another key for each — it is made at once — upload it to that account, then save its SSH key ID in that key’s step 3. Clone with the URL AWS gives you as usual: AgentHub tries each saved account until one can open the repository.",
-    "tabGit": "GitHub · GitLab",
+    "tabGit": "Git (GitHub, GitLab, Gitea, Backlog…)",
     "tabOther": "Other hosts",
     "addKey": "Add another key",
-    "namedGitSub": "ED25519 · for one more GitHub/GitLab account.",
+    "namedGitSub": "ED25519 · for one more account on a git host.",
     "namedGitStepHost": "Tie it to its host, so a clone through ssh://{{name}}/… offers only this key (git@host would log in with the default key’s account):",
     "namedAwsSub": "RSA · for one more AWS account.",
     "removeKeyNamed": "Delete key {{name}}"

client/src/i18n/locales/vi/lanes.json

@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@
   "jobs.expand": "Xem các việc chạy nền",
   "uploads.stop": "Ngưng tải lên",
   "uploads.stopConfirm": "Bấm lần nữa để ngưng",
+  "uploads.waiting": "Dashboard đang khởi động lại — tải lên sẽ tiếp tục khi có kết nối.",
   "uploads.stopping": "Đang ngưng…",
   "uploads.stopped_one": "Đã ngưng tải lên — đã gửi {{count}}/{{total}} tệp.",
   "uploads.stopped_other": "Đã ngưng tải lên — đã gửi {{count}}/{{total}} tệp.",
@@ -385,6 +386,16 @@
   "menu.remove": "Xóa workspace…",
   "panel.changes": "Thay đổi",
   "panel.analyst": "Analyst",
+  "panel.preview": "Xem trang",
+  "preview.title": "Xem trước trang web",
+  "preview.address": "Địa chỉ trang",
+  "preview.reload": "Tải lại",
+  "preview.openTab": "Mở trong tab trình duyệt",
+  "preview.badUrl": "Không mở được địa chỉ này — chỉ mở được trang http(s), không phải chính AgentHub.",
+  "preview.empty": "Nhập địa chỉ, hoặc bấm một link localhost trong chat hay terminal.",
+  "preview.loginHint": "Trang trắng? Trang có thể chặn nhúng hoặc cần đăng nhập — hãy mở trong tab trình duyệt.",
+  "preview.blockedHint": "Các trang như YouTube, Google hay trang đăng nhập không cho hiện bên trong trang khác. Thấy trang trắng hoặc biểu tượng lỗi là vì vậy — hãy mở trong tab trình duyệt.",
+  "preview.openTabShort": "Mở tab",
   "replay.placeholder": "Nhắn để tiếp tục session này…",
   "replay.hint": "Gửi tin sẽ resume session trong một pane trống.",
   "replay.send": "Gửi",
@@ -635,6 +646,7 @@
   "fx.pasted": "Đã dán.",
   "fx.crossOnlyWorkspace": "Các mục này chỉ dán được ở nơi chúng được lấy ra (worktree của session, thư mục phụ, hoặc giữa hai home).",
   "fx.needsUpgrade": "Cần cập nhật helper của server — nhờ admin chạy `agenthub server install-system` một lần.",
+  "fx.secret": "Thư mục ẩn ở cấp đầu home (.ssh, .config…) không chỉnh được ở đây — hãy dùng terminal. Cần SSH key để clone hay ký commit: Settings → Git.",
   "fx.conflictTitle": "Đã có sẵn",
   "fx.conflictBody": "Tên này đã có ở nơi đến: {{names}}",
   "fx.conflictAll": "Áp dụng cho tất cả file còn lại",

client/src/i18n/locales/vi/settings.json

@@ -871,6 +871,28 @@
     "authorName": "Tên",
     "authorEmail": "Email",
     "authorUnset": "Chưa đặt: commit từ dashboard và từ agent của bạn sẽ lỗi cho tới khi lưu tên và email. Đã điền sẵn từ tài khoản — kiểm tra rồi bấm Lưu.",
+    "signTitle": "Ký commit",
+    "signIntro": "Ký mọi commit — trong terminal, ở panel Thay đổi hay do agent tạo — bằng một SSH key của bạn, để host yêu cầu commit có chữ ký chấp nhận lần push của bạn.",
+    "signOff": "Commit chưa được ký.",
+    "signOn": "Mọi commit đang được ký bằng {{key}}.",
+    "signForeign": "Commit đang được ký bằng key bạn tự cấu hình: {{path}}.",
+    "signKey": "Key dùng để ký",
+    "signNone": "Không ký",
+    "signHostStep": "Thêm public key này vào tài khoản trên host dưới dạng key KÝ (Gitea/GitHub: SSH / GPG Keys — trên Gitea bấm Verify), và giữ email commit ở trên trùng với email tài khoản trên host.",
+    "signReplaceConfirm": "Git của bạn đang ký bằng {{path}}. Chuyển sang {{key}}?",
+    "signReplace": "Chuyển",
+    "signSaved": "Commit giờ được ký bằng {{key}}.",
+    "signStopped": "Commit không còn được ký.",
+    "importKey": "Nhập key có sẵn",
+    "importTitle": "Nhập private key có sẵn",
+    "importFile": "Chọn file key",
+    "importPaste": "…hoặc dán private key (-----BEGIN … PRIVATE KEY-----)",
+    "importName": "Tên (không bắt buộc)",
+    "importSign": "Dùng key này để ký commit",
+    "importNote": "Key không được có passphrase (commit từ dashboard không có chỗ nhập). Key được lưu trong tài khoản của chính bạn; sau khi nhập chỉ public key được hiển thị.",
+    "importSubmit": "Nhập",
+    "imported": "Đã nhập key {{name}}.",
+    "signingBadge": "Ký commit",
     "authorSaved": "Đã lưu tác giả commit.",
     "title": "Danh tính git của bạn",
     "descriptionMember": "SSH key và đăng nhập HTTPS riêng của bạn, lưu trong home của chính bạn. Add workspace → Clone dùng chúng, và bản clone giữ lại cho các lần fetch, pull, push sau.",
@@ -892,9 +914,9 @@
     "terminalHint": "Lệnh clone, fetch hay push bạn tự gõ (trong pane hoặc qua SSH) sẽ dùng key này, sau đó tới các key trong ~/.ssh của bạn. Ghi core.sshCommand vào ~/.gitconfig của bạn.",
     "terminalForeign": "~/.gitconfig của bạn đã tự đặt core.sshCommand nên AgentHub không động vào. Xoá nó đi nếu muốn dùng key này trong terminal.",
     "sshIntro": "Dùng đúng mục theo nơi chứa code của bạn. Mỗi loại host dùng một key riêng; chỉ cần tạo key cho nơi bạn dùng.",
-    "gitHubTitle": "GitHub · GitLab · Gitea · Bitbucket",
+    "gitHubTitle": "GitHub · GitLab · Gitea · Bitbucket · Backlog",
     "gitHubSub": "Key ED25519 — địa chỉ SSH dạng git@…",
-    "gitHubStepAdd": "Thêm vào tài khoản trên host: GitHub → Settings → SSH and GPG keys → New SSH key. GitLab: Preferences → SSH Keys. Dán nguyên dòng.",
+    "gitHubStepAdd": "Thêm vào tài khoản trên host, dán nguyên dòng: GitHub → Settings → SSH and GPG keys. GitLab → Preferences → SSH Keys. Gitea → Settings → SSH / GPG Keys. Backlog → Cài đặt cá nhân → Đăng ký SSH key.",
     "awsTitle": "AWS CodeCommit",
     "awsSub": "Key RSA 4096 — AWS chỉ nhận RSA",
     "stepCopy": "Copy public key.",
@@ -920,10 +942,10 @@
     "aliasPlaceholder": "tên (tuỳ chọn)",
     "aliasHint": "Để trống cho tài khoản mặc định của host này. Đặt tên (vd aws-prod, chữ thường, không dấu chấm) cho thêm một tài khoản: clone bằng ssh://<tên>/…",
     "awsMany": "Nhiều tài khoản AWS? Bấm Thêm key khác cho mỗi tài khoản — key được tạo ngay — upload lên tài khoản đó, rồi lưu SSH key ID ở bước 3 của key đó. Clone bằng URL AWS đưa như bình thường: AgentHub tự thử từng tài khoản đã lưu đến khi mở được repository.",
-    "tabGit": "GitHub · GitLab",
+    "tabGit": "Git (GitHub, GitLab, Gitea, Backlog…)",
     "tabOther": "Host khác",
     "addKey": "Thêm key khác",
-    "namedGitSub": "ED25519 · cho thêm một tài khoản GitHub/GitLab.",
+    "namedGitSub": "ED25519 · cho thêm một tài khoản trên git host.",
     "namedGitStepHost": "Gắn key với host của nó, để clone qua ssh://{{name}}/… chỉ dùng đúng key này (git@host sẽ đăng nhập bằng tài khoản của key mặc định):",
     "namedAwsSub": "RSA · cho thêm một tài khoản AWS.",
     "removeKeyNamed": "Xoá key {{name}}"

client/src/lib/__tests__/openInPreview.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/**
+ * @file openInPreview.test.ts
+ * @description The one link rule: which URLs the Preview takes (http(s),
+ * never the dashboard's origin, `0.0.0.0` read as `localhost`), that a local
+ * link goes to the session panel only when one answers, and that a
+ * Ctrl/Cmd click keeps the browser's own tab.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import {
+  OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT,
+  isLoopbackUrl,
+  normalizePreviewUrl,
+  onLinkClick,
+  openInPreview,
+  type OpenInPreview,
+} from "../openInPreview";
+
+const SELF = "http://localhost:4820";
+
+describe("normalizePreviewUrl", () => {
+  it("adds http:// to a bare host:port and reads 0.0.0.0 as localhost", () => {
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("localhost:3000", SELF)).toBe("http://localhost:3000/");
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("http://0.0.0.0:5173/a", SELF)).toBe("http://localhost:5173/a");
+  });
+  it("refuses the dashboard's own origin, other schemes and credentials", () => {
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("http://localhost:4820/settings", SELF)).toBeNull();
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("javascript:alert(1)", SELF)).toBeNull();
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("file:///etc/passwd", SELF)).toBeNull();
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("http://u:p@localhost:3000", SELF)).toBeNull();
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("  ", SELF)).toBeNull();
+  });
+  it("accepts an external https page", () => {
+    expect(normalizePreviewUrl("https://example.com/x", SELF)).toBe("https://example.com/x");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("isLoopbackUrl", () => {
+  it("is true only for this machine's hosts", () => {
+    expect(isLoopbackUrl("http://localhost:3000")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLoopbackUrl("http://127.0.0.1:8080/x")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLoopbackUrl("http://[::1]:3000")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLoopbackUrl("https://github.com")).toBe(false);
+    expect(isLoopbackUrl("not a url")).toBe(false);
+  });
+});
+
+describe("openInPreview", () => {
+  let off: (() => void) | null = null;
+  afterEach(() => off?.());
+  const listen = (take: boolean) => {
+    const seen: string[] = [];
+    const fn = (e: Event) => {
+      const d = (e as CustomEvent<OpenInPreview>).detail;
+      seen.push(d.url);
+      if (take) d.handled = true;
+    };
+    window.addEventListener(OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, fn);
+    off = () => window.removeEventListener(OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, fn);
+    return seen;
+  };
+
+  it("hands a local page to a listening panel", () => {
+    const seen = listen(true);
+    expect(openInPreview("http://localhost:3000/login")).toBe(true);
+    expect(seen).toEqual(["http://localhost:3000/login"]);
+  });
+  it("falls back when no panel takes it, and never sends an external page", () => {
+    const seen = listen(false);
+    expect(openInPreview("http://localhost:3000")).toBe(false);
+    expect(openInPreview("https://github.com/login")).toBe(false);
+    expect(seen).toEqual(["http://localhost:3000/"]);
+  });
+  it("leaves a Ctrl/Cmd click to the browser", () => {
+    listen(true);
+    const preventDefault = vi.fn();
+    const base = { ctrlKey: false, metaKey: false, shiftKey: false, button: 0, preventDefault };
+    onLinkClick({ ...base, ctrlKey: true }, "http://localhost:3000");
+    expect(preventDefault).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    onLinkClick(base, "http://localhost:3000");
+    expect(preventDefault).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+  });
+});

client/src/lib/__tests__/uploadStaged.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/**
+ * @file uploadStaged.test.ts
+ * @description The resumable File Explorer upload (`api.files.uploadStaged`):
+ * a file goes in parts to `/fs/upload-part` and is committed with
+ * `?staged=<id>`; a dashboard that goes away mid-way (network error, a
+ * proxy's bare 502) is waited out and the upload resumes from the byte the
+ * server reports; a refusal with our own error code is not retried.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { api, newUploadId } from "../api";
+
+type Answer = { status: number; body?: unknown } | "neterr";
+
+/** A fake XHR that answers each send with the next scripted answer. */
+class FakeXhr {
+  static answers: ((url: string, size: number) => Answer)[] = [];
+  static sent: { url: string; size: number }[] = [];
+  status = 0;
+  responseText = "";
+  upload: { onprogress: ((e: { loaded: number }) => void) | null } = { onprogress: null };
+  onload: (() => void) | null = null;
+  onerror: (() => void) | null = null;
+  onabort: (() => void) | null = null;
+  private url = "";
+  open(_m: string, url: string) {
+    this.url = url;
+  }
+  setRequestHeader() {}
+  abort() {
+    this.onabort?.();
+  }
+  send(body: Blob) {
+    FakeXhr.sent.push({ url: this.url, size: body.size });
+    const next = FakeXhr.answers.shift();
+    const a = next ? next(this.url, body.size) : { status: 500, body: { error: { code: "EX" } } };
+    queueMicrotask(() => {
+      if (a === "neterr") return this.onerror?.();
+      this.status = a.status;
+      this.responseText = a.body === undefined ? "" : JSON.stringify(a.body);
+      this.onload?.();
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+const MB = 1024 * 1024;
+const q = (url: string) => new URL(url, "http://x").searchParams;
+
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers();
+  FakeXhr.answers = [];
+  FakeXhr.sent = [];
+  vi.stubGlobal("XMLHttpRequest", FakeXhr);
+});
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.useRealTimers();
+  vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+});
+
+describe("api.files.uploadStaged", () => {
+  it("sends parts, waits out a restart, resumes from the server's count, then commits", async () => {
+    const file = new Blob([new Uint8Array(20 * MB)]);
+    const upload = newUploadId();
+    expect(upload).toMatch(/^[0-9a-f]{32}$/);
+    // part 1 ok; part 2 dies with the server; part 2 again after the restart;
+    // part 3; the commit's answer is lost once; then the stored answer.
+    FakeXhr.answers = [
+      () => ({ status: 200, body: { received: 8 * MB } }),
+      () => "neterr",
+      (url) => ({ status: 200, body: { received: Number(q(url).get("offset")) + 8 * MB } }),
+      () => ({ status: 200, body: { received: 20 * MB } }),
+      () => ({ status: 502 }),
+      () => ({ status: 201, body: { path: "big.bin" } }),
+    ];
+    // While away: the status read says 10 MB arrived before the server died.
+    const fetchMock = vi.fn(
+      async () =>
+        new Response(JSON.stringify({ received: 10 * MB, total: 20 * MB, done: false }), {
+          headers: { "content-type": "application/json" },
+        })
+    );
+    vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
+    const waits: boolean[] = [];
+    const done = api.files.uploadStaged(7, "big.bin", file, "fail", {
+      upload,
+      onWait: (w) => waits.push(w),
+    });
+    await vi.runAllTimersAsync();
+    await expect(done).resolves.toEqual({ path: "big.bin" });
+    const parts = FakeXhr.sent.filter((s) => s.url.includes("/upload-part"));
+    expect(parts.map((p) => [q(p.url).get("offset"), p.size])).toEqual([
+      ["0", 8 * MB],
+      [String(8 * MB), 8 * MB],
+      [String(10 * MB), 8 * MB],
+      [String(18 * MB), 2 * MB],
+    ]);
+    for (const p of parts) expect(q(p.url).get("upload")).toBe(upload);
+    const commits = FakeXhr.sent.filter((s) => s.url.includes("/fs/upload?"));
+    expect(commits).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(q(commits[0]!.url).get("staged")).toBe(upload);
+    expect(q(commits[0]!.url).get("path")).toBe("big.bin");
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(waits).toEqual([true, false, true, false]);
+  });
+
+  it("goes on from the server's count on EOFFSET, and never retries our own refusal", async () => {
+    const file = new Blob([new Uint8Array(10)]);
+    FakeXhr.answers = [
+      () => ({ status: 409, body: { error: { code: "EOFFSET", message: "x", received: 10 } } }),
+      () => ({ status: 409, body: { error: { code: "EEXISTS", message: "taken", names: ["a"] } } }),
+    ];
+    const done = api.files.uploadStaged(7, "a", file, "fail", { upload: newUploadId() });
+    const settled = expect(done).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "EEXISTS", names: ["a"] });
+    await vi.runAllTimersAsync();
+    await settled;
+    expect(FakeXhr.sent).toHaveLength(2);
+  });
+
+  it("gives up once the dashboard has been away too long", async () => {
+    const file = new Blob([new Uint8Array(4)]);
+    FakeXhr.answers = Array.from({ length: 200 }, () => () => "neterr" as const);
+    vi.stubGlobal(
+      "fetch",
+      vi.fn(async () => {
+        throw new TypeError("Failed to fetch");
+      })
+    );
+    const done = api.files.uploadStaged(7, "a", file, "fail", { upload: newUploadId() });
+    const settled = expect(done).rejects.toMatchObject({ code: "ENET" });
+    await vi.runAllTimersAsync();
+    await settled;
+  });
+});

client/src/lib/__tests__/wheelReports.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * @file wheelReports.test.ts
+ * @description A touchpad scrolls 1:1 with the finger (one report per
+ * LINES_PER_REPORT rows, remainder carried), a wheel notch always sends one.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+import { describe, it, expect } from "vitest";
+import { LINES_PER_REPORT, wheelReports, type WheelState } from "../wheelReports";
+
+const ROW = 20;
+const px = (deltaY: number) => ({ deltaY, deltaMode: 0 });
+
+describe("wheelReports", () => {
+  it("adds small touchpad steps up to one report per LINES_PER_REPORT rows", () => {
+    const s: WheelState = { partial: 0 };
+    let sent = 0;
+    // 30 steps of 10px = 300px = 15 rows.
+    for (let i = 0; i < 30; i++) sent += wheelReports(s, px(10), ROW, 40);
+    expect(sent).toBe(15 / LINES_PER_REPORT);
+  });
+
+  it("drops the carried remainder when the swipe turns around", () => {
+    const s: WheelState = { partial: 0 };
+    wheelReports(s, px(40), ROW, 40); // 2 rows down, nothing sent yet
+    let sent = 0;
+    for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) sent += wheelReports(s, px(-20), ROW, 40); // 5 rows up
+    expect(sent).toBe(-1);
+  });
+
+  it("sends at least one report for a wheel notch, in either delta mode", () => {
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, px(100), ROW, 40)).toBe(1);
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, px(-100), ROW, 40)).toBe(-1);
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, { deltaY: 3, deltaMode: 1 }, ROW, 40)).toBe(1);
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, { deltaY: 1, deltaMode: 2 }, ROW, 40)).toBe(8);
+  });
+
+  it("sends nothing for a horizontal-only event or an unmeasured terminal", () => {
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, px(0), ROW, 40)).toBe(0);
+    expect(wheelReports({ partial: 0 }, px(10), 0, 40)).toBe(0);
+  });
+});

client/src/lib/api.ts

@@ -1188,7 +1188,9 @@ const sendRaw = <T>(
     xhr.upload.onprogress = (e) => onProgress?.(e.loaded);
     xhr.onerror = () => reject(Object.assign(new Error("network error"), { code: "ENET" }));
     xhr.onload = () => {
-      let body: { error?: { code?: string; message?: string; names?: string[] } } = {};
+      let body: {
+        error?: { code?: string; message?: string; names?: string[]; received?: number };
+      } = {};
       try {
         body = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
       } catch {
@@ -1206,12 +1208,148 @@ const sendRaw = <T>(
           code: body.error?.code,
           status: xhr.status,
           names: body.error?.names,
+          received: body.error?.received,
         })
       );
     };
     xhr.send(payload);
   });
 
+/**
+ * A batch body (`/fs/upload-batch`): a 4-byte length, the JSON file list,
+ * then each file's bytes. The Blob is only composed, never read into memory.
+ */
+function batchBody(files: { file: Blob; rel: string }[]): Blob {
+  const head = new TextEncoder().encode(
+    JSON.stringify({
+      files: files.map((f) => ({
+        path: f.rel,
+        size: f.file.size,
+        mtime: f.file instanceof File ? f.file.lastModified : undefined,
+      })),
+    })
+  );
+  const len = new Uint8Array(4);
+  new DataView(len.buffer).setUint32(0, head.length);
+  return new Blob([len, head, ...files.map((f) => f.file)], { type: "application/octet-stream" });
+}
+
+/** One part of a resumable upload (the server takes at most 16 MB). */
+const UPLOAD_PART_BYTES = 8 * 1024 * 1024;
+/** How long an upload waits for the dashboard to come back (a restart, an update). */
+const UPLOAD_WAIT_MS = 3 * 60 * 1000;
+
+/** A fresh id for one resumable upload (also outside a secure context). */
+export function newUploadId(): string {
+  const b = new Uint8Array(16);
+  crypto.getRandomValues(b);
+  return Array.from(b, (x) => x.toString(16).padStart(2, "0")).join("");
+}
+
+type SendErr = Error & { code?: string; status?: number; received?: number };
+
+/**
+ * The dashboard is away (restarting) rather than refusing: worth waiting for.
+ * A 5xx with none of our error codes is a proxy (nginx, Vite) answering for it.
+ */
+const isAway = (e: SendErr) =>
+  e.code === "ENET" || e.code === "EBUSY" || ((e.status ?? 0) >= 500 && !e.code);
+
+const pause = (ms: number, signal?: AbortSignal) =>
+  new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+    const timer = setTimeout(resolve, ms);
+    signal?.addEventListener(
+      "abort",
+      () => {
+        clearTimeout(timer);
+        reject(Object.assign(new Error("aborted"), { code: "EABORT" }));
+      },
+      { once: true }
+    );
+  });
+
+/** Callbacks of a resumable upload. */
+export interface StagedSendOpts {
+  /** The upload's id: pass the SAME one to retry a commit (another `conflict`) without resending. */
+  upload: string;
+  onProgress?: (sent: number) => void;
+  /** true while the dashboard is away and the upload waits to resume. */
+  onWait?: (waiting: boolean) => void;
+  signal?: AbortSignal;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Send `payload` in parts to `place`'s staging (`/fs/upload-part`), then
+ * POST `commitUrl(id)` to write it. A dropped connection or a restarting
+ * dashboard (network error, 502/503/504) is waited out for up to
+ * UPLOAD_WAIT_MS, and the upload resumes from the byte the server has.
+ */
+async function sendStaged<T>(
+  place: FsPlace,
+  commitUrl: (id: string) => string,
+  payload: Blob,
+  { upload, onProgress, onWait, signal }: StagedSendOpts
+): Promise<T> {
+  const total = payload.size;
+  let received = 0;
+  let awaySince = 0;
+  let delay = 500;
+  const waitOut = async (e: SendErr) => {
+    if (!isAway(e)) throw e;
+    if (!awaySince) awaySince = Date.now();
+    if (Date.now() - awaySince > UPLOAD_WAIT_MS) throw e;
+    onWait?.(true);
+    await pause(delay, signal);
+    delay = Math.min(delay * 2, 5000);
+  };
+  const back = () => {
+    if (awaySince) onWait?.(false);
+    awaySince = 0;
+    delay = 500;
+  };
+  const partUrl = (q: Record<string, string>) =>
+    fsUrl(place, "/upload-part", new URLSearchParams({ upload, ...q }));
+  // An empty file is still one (empty) part: it makes the upload known.
+  do {
+    try {
+      const r = await sendRaw<{ received: number }>(
+        partUrl({ offset: String(received), total: String(total) }),
+        payload.slice(received, received + UPLOAD_PART_BYTES),
+        (n) => onProgress?.(received + n),
+        signal
+      );
+      received = r.received;
+      back();
+    } catch (err) {
+      const e = err as SendErr;
+      if (e.code === "EOFFSET" && typeof e.received === "number") {
+        // The server has more (or less) than we thought: go on from there.
+        received = e.received;
+        back();
+        continue;
+      }
+      await waitOut(e);
+      try {
+        const s = await request<{ received: number; done: boolean }>(partUrl({}));
+        received = s.received;
+      } catch {
+        /* still away: the next part asks again */
+      }
+    }
+    onProgress?.(received);
+  } while (received < total);
+  for (;;) {
+    try {
+      const r = await sendRaw<T>(commitUrl(upload), new Blob([]), undefined, signal);
+      back();
+      return r;
+    } catch (err) {
+      // A commit whose answer was lost is answered again, never written twice.
+      await waitOut(err as SendErr);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 /** A home the File Explorer can open (`GET /api/homes`): `me`, or another user's for an admin. */
 export interface FsHome {
   id: string;
@@ -1430,7 +1568,7 @@ export const api = {
   },
   // ───────────────────────── Server mode staff views (routes/users.js) ─────────────────────────
   users: {
-    /** URL of one account's avatar (admin/analyst), versioned by `avatarAt` (null = none). */
+    /** URL of one account's avatar (any signed-in account), versioned by `avatarAt` (null = none). */
     avatarUrl: (id: number, avatarAt?: string | null) =>
       avatarAt ? `${BASE}/users/${id}/avatar?v=${encodeURIComponent(avatarAt)}` : null,
     /** GET /api/users — every account with its recent usage (admin/analyst). */
@@ -3300,6 +3438,28 @@ export const api = {
         onProgress,
         signal
       ),
+    /**
+     * {@link files.upload}, resumable: sent in parts and written once whole,
+     * so a dashboard restart mid-way only pauses it ({@link sendStaged}).
+     */
+    uploadStaged: (
+      t: FsPlace,
+      path: string,
+      file: Blob,
+      conflict: FsConflict,
+      opts: StagedSendOpts
+    ) =>
+      sendStaged<{ path: string; skipped?: boolean }>(
+        t,
+        (staged) => fsUrl(t, "/upload", new URLSearchParams({ path, conflict, staged })),
+        file,
+        opts
+      ),
+    /** Forget a resumable upload's staged bytes (stopped, or given up). Never throws. */
+    dropUpload: (t: FsPlace, upload: string) =>
+      request<{ dropped: boolean }>(fsUrl(t, "/upload-part", new URLSearchParams({ upload })), {
+        method: "DELETE",
+      }).catch(() => null),
     /**
      * Many small files in ONE request, under the folder `dir` (each `rel`
      * relative to it): a 4-byte length, the JSON file list, then the bytes.
@@ -3312,25 +3472,27 @@ export const api = {
       conflict: FsConflict = "fail",
       onProgress?: (sent: number) => void,
       signal?: AbortSignal
-    ) => {
-      const head = new TextEncoder().encode(
-        JSON.stringify({
-          files: files.map((f) => ({
-            path: f.rel,
-            size: f.file.size,
-            mtime: f.file instanceof File ? f.file.lastModified : undefined,
-          })),
-        })
-      );
-      const len = new Uint8Array(4);
-      new DataView(len.buffer).setUint32(0, head.length);
-      return sendRaw<{ saved: number; skipped: number; paths: string[] }>(
+    ) =>
+      sendRaw<{ saved: number; skipped: number; paths: string[] }>(
         fsUrl(t, "/upload-batch", new URLSearchParams({ dir, conflict })),
-        new Blob([len, head, ...files.map((f) => f.file)], { type: "application/octet-stream" }),
+        batchBody(files),
         onProgress,
         signal
-      );
-    },
+      ),
+    /** {@link files.uploadBatch}, resumable like {@link files.uploadStaged}. */
+    uploadBatchStaged: (
+      t: FsPlace,
+      dir: string,
+      files: { file: Blob; rel: string }[],
+      conflict: FsConflict,
+      opts: StagedSendOpts
+    ) =>
+      sendStaged<{ saved: number; skipped: number; paths: string[] }>(
+        t,
+        (staged) => fsUrl(t, "/upload-batch", new URLSearchParams({ dir, conflict, staged })),
+        batchBody(files),
+        opts
+      ),
     /** Before a batch: which of `paths` (under `dir`) are taken, and whether a batch can go there. */
     uploadCheck: (t: FsPlace, dir: string, paths: string[]) =>
       request<{ taken: string[]; batch: boolean }>(fsUrl(t, "/upload-check"), {
@@ -3356,6 +3518,22 @@ export const api = {
     /** DELETE /api/me/git/ssh-key?id= — one key by its id (a named one). */
     removeKeyById: (id: string) =>
       request<GitIdentity>(`/me/git/ssh-key?id=${encodeURIComponent(id)}`, { method: "DELETE" }),
+    /**
+     * POST /api/me/git/ssh-key/import — a private key the user already has
+     * (the file's text); `sign` signs commits with it at once, `replace`
+     * over a signing key they set themselves. Only its public half returns.
+     */
+    importKey: (body: { privateKey: string; name?: string; sign?: boolean; replace?: boolean }) =>
+      request<GitIdentity & { imported: GitSshKey | null; signError: ApiErrorBody | null }>(
+        "/me/git/ssh-key/import",
+        { method: "POST", body: JSON.stringify(body) }
+      ),
+    /** PUT /api/me/git/signing — sign commits with key `key` (its id), or stop (null). */
+    setSigning: (key: string | null, replace = false) =>
+      request<GitIdentity>("/me/git/signing", {
+        method: "PUT",
+        body: JSON.stringify({ key, replace }),
+      }),
     /** PUT /api/me/git/ssh-terminal — use the key for git typed in the account's terminal. */
     setTerminalSsh: (on: boolean) =>
       request<GitIdentity>("/me/git/ssh-terminal", { method: "PUT", body: JSON.stringify({ on }) }),
@@ -5232,6 +5410,21 @@ export interface GitCredential {
   hasToken: true;
 }
 
+/** One SSH key of `GET /api/me/git` — its public half only. */
+export interface GitSshKey {
+  id?: string;
+  type?: "ed25519" | "rsa";
+  name?: string | null;
+  publicKey: string;
+  fingerprint: string;
+}
+
+/** An API error's `{code, message}`. */
+export interface ApiErrorBody {
+  code: string;
+  message: string;
+}
+
 /** `GET /api/me/git`: the user's own SSH key (public half only) and HTTPS logins. */
 export interface GitIdentity {
   /** `member`: the user's own Linux account (S3); `host`: the shared host account. */
@@ -5249,13 +5442,14 @@ export interface GitIdentity {
    * Every key the account holds: the default ED25519 and RSA first, then the
    * named ones (`name`; `id` = its file name); absent from an older server.
    */
-  sshKeys?: {
-    id?: string;
-    type?: "ed25519" | "rsa";
-    name?: string | null;
-    publicKey: string;
-    fingerprint: string;
-  }[];
+  sshKeys?: GitSshKey[];
+  /**
+   * Commit signing (`gpg.format ssh` + `user.signingkey` + `commit.gpgsign`
+   * in `~/.gitconfig`): `on` with one of these keys (`key` = its id), `off`,
+   * or `foreign` — a signing key the user set themselves (`path`). Absent
+   * from an older server.
+   */
+  signing?: { state: "on" | "off" | "foreign"; key: string | null; path: string | null };
   /** The terminal switch (shared by both keys); null without a key. */
   sshTerminal?: "on" | "off" | "foreign" | null;
   /**

client/src/lib/openInPreview.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/**
+ * @file openInPreview.ts — the ONE rule every link in the dashboard follows
+ * (a chat's markdown link or bare URL, a terminal's link): a page served by
+ * THIS machine (`localhost`, `127.0.0.1`, `0.0.0.0`, `[::1]`) opens in the
+ * session view's Preview tab, everything else in a browser tab as before.
+ * The request travels as a window event (like `openInChanges.ts`); the
+ * Workspace page answers it only while it shows a session panel, so with no
+ * listener — another page, or a remote dashboard where "localhost" is the
+ * viewer's own machine — the link falls back to a browser tab. Also holds the
+ * URL checks the Preview tab itself uses.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+export const OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT = "agenthub:open-in-preview";
+
+/** The event's detail. `handled` is set by the listener, read by the sender. */
+export type OpenInPreview = { url: string; handled: boolean };
+
+const LOOPBACK = new Set(["localhost", "127.0.0.1", "0.0.0.0", "[::1]", "::1"]);
+
+/** A URL the Preview may show: http(s) only, `0.0.0.0` read as `localhost`
+ *  (a dev server prints it, a browser cannot open it), never the dashboard's
+ *  own origin (the frame would then BE the dashboard, cookies and API
+ *  included). A bare `localhost:3000` gets `http://`. Null when refused. */
+export function normalizePreviewUrl(raw: string, self = window.location.origin): string | null {
+  let text = raw.trim();
+  if (!text) return null;
+  if (!/^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:\/\//i.test(text)) text = `http://${text}`;
+  let u: URL;
+  try {
+    u = new URL(text);
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (u.protocol !== "http:" && u.protocol !== "https:") return null;
+  if (u.username || u.password) return null;
+  if (u.hostname === "0.0.0.0") u.hostname = "localhost";
+  if (u.origin === self) return null;
+  return u.toString();
+}
+
+/** True for a page served by the machine the BROWSER runs on. */
+export function isLoopbackUrl(url: string): boolean {
+  try {
+    const u = new URL(url);
+    return (u.protocol === "http:" || u.protocol === "https:") && LOOPBACK.has(u.hostname);
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+/** The dashboard itself is opened from this machine: only then does a
+ *  `localhost` link name the same machine the agents run on. */
+export function dashboardIsLocal(hostname = window.location.hostname): boolean {
+  return LOOPBACK.has(hostname);
+}
+
+/** Asks the open session panel to show `url`. False when nothing took it
+ *  (not a local page, a remote dashboard, no session panel). */
+export function openInPreview(url: string): boolean {
+  if (!isLoopbackUrl(url) || !dashboardIsLocal()) return false;
+  const target = normalizePreviewUrl(url);
+  if (!target) return false;
+  const detail: OpenInPreview = { url: target, handled: false };
+  window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, { detail }));
+  return detail.handled;
+}
+
+/** A link click: Preview when the rule says so, else a browser tab. A
+ *  Ctrl/Cmd/Shift/middle click always keeps the browser's own behaviour. */
+export function onLinkClick(
+  e: {
+    ctrlKey: boolean;
+    metaKey: boolean;
+    shiftKey: boolean;
+    button: number;
+    preventDefault: () => void;
+  },
+  url: string
+): void {
+  if (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey || e.shiftKey || e.button !== 0) return;
+  if (openInPreview(url)) e.preventDefault();
+}

client/src/lib/uploadJobs.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
  * kept in localStorage (refreshed every ~2 s), and the next page load shows
  * a record that stopped being refreshed as an interrupted upload until it is
  * dismissed. A fresh record belongs to another open tab and is left alone.
+ * A dashboard RESTART is not an interruption: the upload is sent in parts
+ * (`api.files.uploadStaged`) and the job shows `waiting` until it resumes.
  * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
  */
 
@@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ export interface UploadJob {
   sent: number;
   bytes: number;
   state: "running" | "stopping" | "interrupted";
+  /** The dashboard is away (a restart): the upload waits and then resumes. */
+  waiting?: boolean;
 }
 
 type Stored = UploadJob & { beat: number };
@@ -115,7 +119,8 @@ export function beginUpload(init: { folder: string; total: number; bytes: number
   return {
     id,
     signal: ctrl.signal,
-    update: (patch: Partial<Pick<UploadJob, "name" | "done" | "sent">>) => set(id, patch),
+    update: (patch: Partial<Pick<UploadJob, "name" | "done" | "sent" | "waiting">>) =>
+      set(id, patch),
     end: () => {
       controllers.delete(id);
       uploads = uploads.filter((u) => u.id !== id);

client/src/lib/wheelReports.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/**
+ * @file wheelReports.ts — turns a browser wheel event into the number of SGR
+ * wheel reports a terminal pane gets, in proportion to how far the finger or
+ * the wheel moved, the way a native terminal does.
+ *
+ * xterm.js sends ONE report per wheel event whatever its size, and damps a
+ * touchpad's pixel deltas ×0.3 before it counts even that one — a touchpad
+ * swipe crawled. In our panes every report moves a fixed stretch (Claude's
+ * `CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED`, tmux's copy-mode `WHEEL_LINES`), so a report is
+ * sent per `LINES_PER_REPORT` rows of travel: a touchpad scrolls 1:1 with the
+ * finger, and a wheel notch always sends at least one.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+/** Rows one report scrolls in a Claude pane (server/lib/pty-run.js CLAUDE_SCROLL_SPEED). */
+export const LINES_PER_REPORT = 5;
+
+/** A pixel delta this large or larger is a wheel notch, not a touchpad step (xterm.js's own cut). */
+const NOTCH_PX = 50;
+
+const DOM_DELTA_PIXEL = 0;
+const DOM_DELTA_LINE = 1;
+const DOM_DELTA_PAGE = 2;
+
+export interface WheelState {
+  /** Touchpad travel not yet sent, in rows (signed). */
+  partial: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signed report count for `ev` — negative scrolls up. `rowPx` is one row's
+ * height on screen (CSS scale included), `rows` the terminal's height.
+ */
+export function wheelReports(
+  state: WheelState,
+  ev: Pick<WheelEvent, "deltaY" | "deltaMode">,
+  rowPx: number,
+  rows: number
+): number {
+  if (!ev.deltaY || !(rowPx > 0)) return 0;
+  const sign = ev.deltaY < 0 ? -1 : 1;
+  if (ev.deltaMode === DOM_DELTA_PIXEL && Math.abs(ev.deltaY) < NOTCH_PX) {
+    // Touchpad: carry the remainder, so slow swipes still add up.
+    if (Math.sign(state.partial) === -sign) state.partial = 0; // turned around
+    state.partial += ev.deltaY / rowPx;
+    const n = Math.trunc(state.partial / LINES_PER_REPORT);
+    state.partial -= n * LINES_PER_REPORT;
+    return n;
+  }
+  // A notch (or a fast flick): at least one report, more for a long one.
+  state.partial = 0;
+  const lines =
+    ev.deltaMode === DOM_DELTA_LINE
+      ? ev.deltaY
+      : ev.deltaMode === DOM_DELTA_PAGE
+        ? ev.deltaY * rows
+        : ev.deltaY / rowPx;
+  return sign * Math.max(1, Math.round(Math.abs(lines) / LINES_PER_REPORT));
+}

client/src/pages/Workspace.tsx

@@ -141,6 +141,8 @@ import { LaneChangesPanel } from "../components/lanes/LaneChangesPanel";
 import { FileExplorer } from "../components/lanes/FileExplorer";
 import { WorkspaceContext } from "../components/lanes/WorkspaceContext";
 import { OPEN_IN_CHANGES_EVENT, type OpenInChanges } from "../lib/openInChanges";
+import { OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, type OpenInPreview } from "../lib/openInPreview";
+import { UrlPreview } from "../components/lanes/UrlPreview";
 import { LaneGitRailCounts } from "../components/lanes/LaneGitHeader";
 import { WorkspaceHome } from "../components/lanes/WorkspaceHome";
 import { SessionReplay } from "../components/lanes/SessionReplay";
@@ -148,6 +150,8 @@ import { DestructiveLaneModal } from "../components/lanes/DestructiveLaneModal";
 
 /** localStorage key for the Changes panel's open/closed state. */
 const CHANGES_OPEN_KEY = "agenthub.workspace.changesOpen";
+/** The session panel's tab — Changes or Preview. A viewer preference. */
+const PANEL_TAB_KEY = "agenthub.workspace.panelTab";
 /** localStorage key for how wide the Changes panel is. */
 const CHANGES_SIZE_KEY = "agenthub.workspace.changesSize";
 /** localStorage key for the last width the user dragged the panel to — what
@@ -799,6 +803,25 @@ export function Workspace() {
       return false;
     }
   });
+  // The panel's two tabs: Changes (git + files) and Preview (a web page).
+  // Both stay mounted once shown (CSS), so an unsaved edit or a loaded page
+  // survives a switch.
+  const [panelTab, setPanelTab] = useState<"changes" | "preview">(() => {
+    try {
+      return window.localStorage.getItem(PANEL_TAB_KEY) === "preview" ? "preview" : "changes";
+    } catch {
+      return "changes";
+    }
+  });
+  const [previewShown, setPreviewShown] = useState(panelTab === "preview");
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (panelTab === "preview") setPreviewShown(true);
+    try {
+      window.localStorage.setItem(PANEL_TAB_KEY, panelTab);
+    } catch {
+      /* disabled storage: the tab just forgets between visits */
+    }
+  }, [panelTab]);
   useEffect(() => {
     try {
       window.localStorage.setItem(CHANGES_OPEN_KEY, changesOpen ? "1" : "0");
@@ -1050,6 +1073,22 @@ export function Workspace() {
     window.addEventListener(OPEN_IN_CHANGES_EVENT, onOpen);
     return () => window.removeEventListener(OPEN_IN_CHANGES_EVENT, onOpen);
   }, []);
+  // A link to a local page asks for it (`openInPreview`): taken only while a
+  // session panel is on screen, so elsewhere the link opens a browser tab.
+  const [previewRequest, setPreviewRequest] = useState<{ url: string; nonce: number } | null>(null);
+  const previewHostRef = useRef(false);
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const onOpen = (e: Event) => {
+      const detail = (e as CustomEvent<OpenInPreview>).detail;
+      if (!previewHostRef.current) return;
+      detail.handled = true;
+      setChangesOpen(true);
+      setPanelTab("preview");
+      setPreviewRequest((r) => ({ url: detail.url, nonce: (r?.nonce ?? 0) + 1 }));
+    };
+    window.addEventListener(OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, onOpen);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener(OPEN_IN_PREVIEW_EVENT, onOpen);
+  }, []);
   // Asked once: a panel reopened or moved to another tree must not replay it.
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!changesOpen) setChangesRequest(null);
@@ -1230,6 +1269,7 @@ export function Workspace() {
   // The session view (console or replay) fills the page edge to edge, like an
   // editor: no page padding, no cards, dividers between its regions.
   const sessionView = !!currentLane && !home;
+  previewHostRef.current = sessionView;
   const viewportLocked =
     sessionView || (!home && (paneHasActiveRun || (!!currentLane && changesOpen && changesFull)));
 
@@ -1567,9 +1607,25 @@ export function Workspace() {
                   className="flex h-10 shrink-0 items-center gap-1 border-b border-border px-2"
                   role="toolbar"
                 >
-                  <span className="px-1 text-xs font-medium text-fg-secondary">
-                    {tLanes("panel.changes")}
-                  </span>
+                  <div role="tablist" className="flex items-center gap-0.5">
+                    {(["changes", "preview"] as const).map((tab) => (
+                      <button
+                        key={tab}
+                        type="button"
+                        role="tab"
+                        data-testid={`panel-tab-${tab}`}
+                        aria-selected={panelTab === tab}
+                        onClick={() => setPanelTab(tab)}
+                        className={`rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-xs font-medium transition-colors ${
+                          panelTab === tab
+                            ? "bg-surface-4 text-fg-primary"
+                            : "text-fg-muted hover:text-fg-primary"
+                        }`}
+                      >
+                        {tLanes(tab === "changes" ? "panel.changes" : "panel.preview")}
+                      </button>
+                    ))}
+                  </div>
                   {/* The opened session's analysis page — a page of its own. */}
                   <button
                     type="button"
@@ -1652,7 +1708,22 @@ export function Workspace() {
                     <PanelRightClose className="h-4 w-4" />
                   </button>
                 </div>
-                <div className="flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col px-3 pt-2">
+                {previewShown && (
+                  <div
+                    className={panelTab === "preview" ? "flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col" : "hidden"}
+                  >
+                    <UrlPreview
+                      laneId={currentLane.id}
+                      ports={currentLane.ports ?? {}}
+                      request={previewRequest}
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                )}
+                <div
+                  className={
+                    panelTab === "changes" ? "flex min-h-0 flex-1 flex-col px-3 pt-2" : "hidden"
+                  }
+                >
                   {panelAt &&
                     [
                       ...(showRoot

client/src/pages/__tests__/Workspace.test.tsx

@@ -1053,7 +1053,28 @@ describe("split panes", () => {
     const user = userEvent.setup();
     await user.click(screen.getByTestId("pane-split-right-1"));
     await user.click(screen.getByTestId("pane-split-new-right-1-claude"));
-    expect(api.lanes.action).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1, "start", { slot: "auto", prompt: "" });
+    expect(api.lanes.action).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1, "start", {
+      slot: "auto",
+      prompt: "",
+      permissionMode: "auto",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("a new AI pane starts in the account's Session defaults (bypass included)", async () => {
+    localStorage.setItem("agenthub.permissionMode", "bypassPermissions");
+    lanesToReturn = lanesToReturn.map((l) => ({ ...l, tool: "claude" }));
+    withRuns([live(0), live(1)]);
+    await open("/workspace?lane=1&run=agenthub-lane-1");
+    await ctrlClick(screen.getByTestId("console-tab-1"));
+    const user = userEvent.setup();
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId("pane-split-right-1"));
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId("pane-split-new-right-1-claude"));
+    expect(api.lanes.action).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1, "start", {
+      slot: "auto",
+      prompt: "",
+      permissionMode: "bypassPermissions",
+    });
+    localStorage.removeItem("agenthub.permissionMode");
   });
 
   it("with one pane, the split menus sit beside Tools and split it", async () => {

client/src/pages/__tests__/__snapshots__/screens.snapshot.test.tsx.snap

@@ -7316,7 +7316,7 @@ exports[`screen snapshots > Settings — about 1`] = `
                 <span
                   class="text-status-warning/90"
                 >
-                  UI build v2.8.55 (rebuild client to match)
+                  UI build v2.8.62 (rebuild client to match)
                 </span>
               </p>
             </div>

docs/LANES.md

@@ -416,6 +416,7 @@ The dashboard web UI merges workspaces and runs into a single **Workspace** page
 - **Tabs** — the session view's console is a tab bar (`client/src/components/run/ConsoleTabs.tsx`) over the workspace's live tmux sessions — at most ten, its slots 0–9: slot 0 is the workspace's `agenthub-lane-<id>` (its `run_id`), slots 1–9 are `agenthub-lane-<id>-<slot>`. Every tab is a **combo**: a group of one to four split panes, each session in exactly one tab (`PaneGroups` in `client/src/lib/paneLayout.ts`). A one-pane tab shows its AI tool's icon and name (or **Terminal**); a combo tab shows every pane's icon and name, and the most urgent state dot. The active tab is the one on screen and its focused pane is the URL's `?run=`, so the Changes panel and Analyst follow it. A click shows a tab; **Ctrl/Cmd+click** on a one-pane tab or a `+` item brings it into the tab on screen, in the same order as a join below (a full tab — four panes — opens it as a tab of its own instead), and a one-pane tab dragged onto a pane joins that tab there. Any tab drags along the bar to reorder it; a pane's header dragged onto the bar takes that pane out into a tab of its own at that place. Dropped on the MIDDLE of another tab (it highlights), a tab — or a pane's header — joins that tab instead, in a fixed order: the second pane goes to the right (left | right), the third under the right pane, the fourth under the left pane (2×2) — the new pane always splits the BIGGEST one by the tree's shape (dragged dividers ignored, a tie goes to the later pane), so a three-pane tab of any shape fills its one missing quarter; a drop that would pass four panes reorders instead (`joinGroup`). A pane drag (a pane's header, or a one-pane tab) held over another tab for 0.6 s opens that tab (`SPRING_MS`), so the pane can be dropped on any edge of that tab's panes instead of the fixed join order; on a bar wider than the screen, dragging near either end scrolls it. Every live session stays mounted and those of other tabs are hidden with CSS, so switching tabs never drops a terminal. A tab's **×** stops every session in it (`DELETE /api/run/<runId>`, after a confirm when one is an AI tool); with no tab left it moves to the home. The **+** menu opens a new tab in the first free slot, which the server picks (`slot: "auto"`, under the workspace lock): **New terminal** (your own default shell in the workspace folder — `POST /api/lanes/:id/start {slot, shell: true}`, recorded as tool `shell`; it is not an agent, so the workspace's `run_id`/`status` are left alone), each installed, enabled AI tool (started bare, on its default model, no prompt), and **Agent settings…** (Settings → Agents). With ten sessions open **+** is disabled. EVERY tab is bound to the sidebar's selection — unless Settings → Appearance → **Tabs from every workspace** is on (`agenthub.workspace.allTabs`, `client/src/lib/workspaceTabs.ts`, synced to the account): then the bar holds every workspace's live sessions, each tab named `<workspace> · <session>`, a combo may mix workspaces, and focusing a pane selects its workspace (`?lane=` follows `?run=`, so the Changes panel and the sidebar follow too). Those tabs are stored once, under `all` in `agenthub.workspace.paneLayout`, their leaves `paneKey`s (lane id × 10 + slot); a split's **New terminal** starts in the target pane's own workspace. A tab has no header of its own (no title, no **Active runs** list, no **New run**): other sessions are opened from the sidebar or the home's Recents. (The old fixed 1/2/4 split layout and its `agenthub.workspace.splitView` key are gone; **Split panes** replaces them.) **Settings** opened on a workspace — the sidebar's Settings, the `+` menu's Agent settings, any Settings link inside it — is one more tab at the bar's end (`?settings=<section>` beside `lane` and `run`, `client/src/lib/settingsLink.ts`): the Settings pages (`SettingsHub` with a `section`), shown instead of the panes, which stay mounted behind them, kept until the tab's X and reopened on the section it was on. Off a workspace a Settings link still opens the `/settings` page.
 
 - **Split panes** — the console splits like VS Code (`client/src/components/run/PaneGrid.tsx`, model in `client/src/lib/paneLayout.ts`): one binary tree of splits PER TAB, each side by side or stacked at a ratio, whose leaves are the workspace's slots — at most four panes in a tab, a session never shown twice. **Ctrl/Cmd+click** a one-pane tab, a `+` item or a sidebar session row brings it into the tab on screen at the 2×2 grid's next place — the same order as a tab join, whichever pane is focused (the intent rides on the navigation's state, never in the URL); with more than one pane each gets a slim header: **drag** it (or a tab) onto another pane — its edge splits there, its middle swaps the two (a session from another tab takes the pane's place and that one moves to a tab of its own) —; while the drag lasts the moved pane is dimmed, the drag shows a small chip with its name, and the drop preview says what will happen (*Place on the left*, *Swap places*…, `dropAction`), its **▾** shows another live session in it (swapping with the pane that showed it), **Split right / Split down** puts a not-shown session or a **New terminal** beside it, its **⤡** takes the pane out of this tab into a tab of its own (its session keeps running), and its **×** (also in the header's right-click menu) stops just that pane's session — the same `DELETE /api/run/<runId>` and AI-tool confirm as a tab's **×** — without taking it out first. A session dropped or swapped in from another tab leaves that tab. Dividers drag (or move by arrow keys) between 10% and 90%. Clicking in (or tabbing into) a pane focuses it, `?run=` follows — so the right panel, Analyst and the sidebar read the focused session — and the keyboard goes with it: only the focused pane's terminal takes it when it appears. A pane closes when its terminal reports that its session ended (exited, closed from another browser); the run list itself only prunes a remembered layout on a workspace's first read, and a pane opened here whose session never got listed — one empty read, which the server returns on any tmux error, never wipes a split. A session ending while the home or a replay is shown only closes its pane; the URL stays. The tabs and their layouts are a viewer preference kept per workspace in `localStorage` (`agenthub.workspace.paneLayout`, `{groups, active}`; a stored pre-tab single layout reads as one tab), never on the server. Every pane is an absolutely placed sibling keyed by its slot, so splitting, swapping or resizing never re-parents — and so never remounts — a live terminal; the session view itself fills the page edge to edge, its tab bar and the right panel's activity bar one header strip.
+- **Preview** — the session view's right panel has two tabs, **Changes** and **Preview** (`client/src/components/lanes/UrlPreview.tsx`). Preview shows a web page by address — before one is open, the workspace's bound ports are offered as `localhost:<port>` chips — with Reload and **Open in a browser tab**; the last address is remembered per workspace in this browser (`agenthub.preview.url.<id>`). Every link follows one rule (`client/src/lib/openInPreview.ts`): a chat link, bare URL or terminal link to `localhost`/`127.0.0.1`/`0.0.0.0`/`[::1]` opens in Preview while a session view is open and the dashboard itself is opened on this machine; any other link, and any Ctrl/Cmd click, opens a browser tab. The page runs on its own origin (the dashboard's own is refused) with no top navigation. A site that forbids embedding — YouTube, Google, most login pages — shows blank or a broken-page icon; any page not on this machine gets a strip under the address bar saying so, with **Open tab** beside it.
 - **Workspace grid** — one card per workspace, 1 column, 2 at `md`, 3 at `xl`. Each card carries the workspace id, liveness dot and status, title, declared stage and time-on-stage, the `auto:` chip when detection leads, the kind and CI tags, the working-copy facts from `GET /api/lanes/:id/git`, and the action row. The needs-you message (`needs_action`) is on the workspace list tile only — the detail card no longer repeats it as a banner.
 
 Run history is per workspace, queryable via `GET /api/run/history?laneId=<n>`.

docs/SERVER-MODE.md

@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ What runs as the member, and how:
   - In a member's folder, git and `gh` run as `sudo -n -u ah-<name> git …`, so git's own ownership check passes and every file stays the member's.
   - The editor and `.gitignore` saves go through `/opt/agenthub/libexec/write-as`.
   - A file uploaded in the Files tab (`POST /api/lanes/:id/git/upload`) is written the same way, AS the member through `write-as` (content on stdin), and only as a NEW file in an existing folder of the workspace — never over an existing name, never into `.git`, never a home dot folder, at most 25 MB. With **Download** on a file (`GET /api/lanes/:id/git/download`, read like any member file below, up to 512 MB) this is how a member with no SSH or `scp` to the host moves files in and out of their own folder; both work in a folder that is not a git repo.
-  - AgentHub's stored git logins are never handed to a member's git, and a password typed in the git bar goes into the member's OWN store (below) for that one call — through `write-as`'s stdin, never sudo's argv or env — and out again unless "remember" was ticked; a store that cannot be read is never rewritten (`409 ESTOREUNREADABLE`). The member keeps their OWN identity in Settings → Git → **Your git identity** (`/api/me/git`): a commit author (`user.name`/`user.email` in their `~/.gitconfig` — commits fail without one; a new member has none), SSH keys AgentHub makes for them (an ED25519 and/or an RSA one — AWS CodeCommit takes only RSA) and HTTPS logins, both under `~/.config/agenthub/` in their home, written as them by `write-as` (0600). Add workspace → **Clone** (`POST /api/lanes/clone`) clones as them with it and writes it into the clone's own config (`core.sshCommand` / `credential.helper=store --file=…`), so the git bar and their agents' pushes in that repo use it too. A plain `git` they type themselves in a pane reads none of that, so making the key also sets `core.sshCommand` in their `~/.gitconfig` (the key first, then `~/.ssh/id_*`; a switch under the key, issue #82) — unless they already set their own, which is left alone. The SSH keys are shown one TAB per kind of host, each with only its own steps: **GitHub · GitLab** (ED25519, for Gitea and Bitbucket too) and **AWS CodeCommit** (RSA: copy → upload in IAM → paste the SSH key ID `APKA…` — saved for every region at once, no region to pick), then **Other hosts** (advanced); a tab's **Add another key** makes one more key of that kind at once (named `aws-2`, `aws-3`… / `git-2`…) as its own card below, with the same steps (an AWS one's step 3 saves its key ID under the key's name, tied to that key — a clone of the plain AWS URL tries it; a GitHub one's ties the key to its host — clone `ssh://<name>/<org>/<repo>.git`); it opens on the AWS tab when only an RSA key exists. The terminal switch sits under the tabs. The key ID (or another host's user) is saved as `url."ssh://<user>@<host>/".insteadOf "ssh://<host>/"` in the same `~/.gitconfig`, so the plain `git clone ssh://git-codecommit.<region>.amazonaws.com/v1/repos/<repo>` works in a pane and in Clone — and Clone tries every CodeCommit login saved (the region's own first, then each other account's key — an IAM key ID works in every region of its AWS account), keeping the one that logs in in the clone's `origin`. A login typed in the Clone dialog goes to their store through `write-as`'s stdin, never sudo's argv or env, and is removed again after the clone unless "remember" was ticked.
+  - AgentHub's stored git logins are never handed to a member's git, and a password typed in the git bar goes into the member's OWN store (below) for that one call — through `write-as`'s stdin, never sudo's argv or env — and out again unless "remember" was ticked; a store that cannot be read is never rewritten (`409 ESTOREUNREADABLE`). The member keeps their OWN identity in Settings → Git → **Your git identity** (`/api/me/git`): a commit author (`user.name`/`user.email` in their `~/.gitconfig` — commits fail without one; a new member has none), SSH keys AgentHub makes for them (an ED25519 and/or an RSA one — AWS CodeCommit takes only RSA) and HTTPS logins, both under `~/.config/agenthub/` in their home, written as them by `write-as` (0600). Add workspace → **Clone** (`POST /api/lanes/clone`) clones as them with it and writes it into the clone's own config (`core.sshCommand` / `credential.helper=store --file=…`), so the git bar and their agents' pushes in that repo use it too. A plain `git` they type themselves in a pane reads none of that, so making (or importing) a key also sets `core.sshCommand` in their `~/.gitconfig` (the key first, then `~/.ssh/id_*`; a switch under the key, issue #82) — unless they already set their own, which is left alone. **Commit signing** sits under the author: one picker signs every commit (terminal, Changes panel, agents) with one of their keys — `gpg.format ssh`, `user.signingkey` = that key's private file, `commit.gpgsign true` in their `~/.gitconfig`; a signing key they set up themselves is replaced only after a confirm — and **Import a key you have** takes a key file or paste (OpenSSH or PEM, ed25519 or RSA ≥ 2048, no passphrase: a dashboard commit has nowhere to type one) into the same `~/.config/agenthub/ssh/` as a named key (`signing`, `signing-2`…), written as them, and by default signs with it at once; only its public half is shown again. The SSH keys are shown one TAB per kind of host, each with only its own steps: **Git (GitHub, GitLab, Gitea, Backlog…)** (ED25519, for Bitbucket too) and **AWS CodeCommit** (RSA: copy → upload in IAM → paste the SSH key ID `APKA…` — saved for every region at once, no region to pick), then **Other hosts** (advanced); a tab's **Add another key** makes one more key of that kind at once (named `aws-2`, `aws-3`… / `git-2`…) as its own card below, with the same steps (an AWS one's step 3 saves its key ID under the key's name, tied to that key — a clone of the plain AWS URL tries it; a GitHub one's ties the key to its host — clone `ssh://<name>/<org>/<repo>.git`); it opens on the AWS tab when only an RSA key exists. The terminal switch sits under the tabs. The key ID (or another host's user) is saved as `url."ssh://<user>@<host>/".insteadOf "ssh://<host>/"` in the same `~/.gitconfig`, so the plain `git clone ssh://git-codecommit.<region>.amazonaws.com/v1/repos/<repo>` works in a pane and in Clone — and Clone tries every CodeCommit login saved (the region's own first, then each other account's key — an IAM key ID works in every region of its AWS account), keeping the one that logs in in the clone's `origin`. A login typed in the Clone dialog goes to their store through `write-as`'s stdin, never sudo's argv or env, and is removed again after the clone unless "remember" was ticked.
 - **Files a pane reads.** These are written into `~/.agenthub/handoff/` AS the member (`write-as`). The dashboard never writes, changes or deletes anything in a member's home itself: the member could have swapped the name for a link. The files are:
   - the workspace prompt and its context files;
   - the AI Proxy settings: no key, only that pane's own token for the gateway;

package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "agenthub",
-  "version": "2.8.55",
+  "version": "2.8.62",
   "lockfileVersion": 3,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "agenthub",
-      "version": "2.8.55",
+      "version": "2.8.62",
       "hasInstallScript": true,
       "license": "UNLICENSED",
       "dependencies": {

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "agenthub",
-  "version": "2.8.55",
+  "version": "2.8.62",
   "bin": {
     "agenthub": "bin/agenthub.js"
   },

server/__tests__/file-explorer.test.js

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
  * place, across workspaces), delete into the trash and restore/purge, a
  * streamed upload into new sub-folders with every conflict policy, a batch
  * of many small files in one request (and, in a member's folder, as ONE
- * write-as `extract` of a tar that real `tar` unpacks), a zip of
+ * write-as `extract` of a tar that real `tar` unpacks), a resumable upload
+ * sent in parts and committed from the staged bytes (and a member's upload
+ * written to a hidden temp file, moved onto its name only when whole), a zip of
  * files and folders that unzips back to the same bytes — and the guards: no
  * `..`, no symlink walking out, nothing in `.git`, no secret file, the
  * workspace folder itself never moved or deleted, cross-origin refused.
@@ -293,6 +295,144 @@ describe("File Explorer", () => {
     assert.ok(!fs.existsSync(path.join(W1, "up/s.txt")));
   });
 
+  it("resumes an upload sent in parts, and writes it only once every byte is staged", async () => {
+    const staging = require("../lib/upload-staging");
+    const id = "resume-test-0000000001";
+    const data = Buffer.from("0123456789abcdefghij");
+    const part = (offset, bytes, upload = id) =>
+      request(
+        "POST",
+        `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-part?upload=${upload}&offset=${offset}&total=${data.length}`,
+        bytes,
+        { "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream" }
+      );
+    const status = async () =>
+      (await request("GET", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-part?upload=${id}`)).body;
+    assert.deepEqual(await status(), { received: 0, total: null, done: false });
+    assert.equal((await part(0, data.subarray(0, 8))).body.received, 8);
+    // A part that does not start where the staged bytes end: 409 with the truth.
+    const off = await part(4, data.subarray(4, 12));
+    assert.equal(off.status, 409);
+    assert.equal(off.body.error.code, "EOFFSET");
+    assert.equal(off.body.error.received, 8);
+    // Committing early writes nothing.
+    const early = await request(
+      "POST",
+      `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload?path=res/file.bin&staged=${id}`
+    );
+    assert.equal(early.status, 409);
+    assert.equal(early.body.error.code, "EINCOMPLETE");
+    assert.ok(!fs.existsSync(path.join(W1, "res/file.bin")));
+    // A part past the end is refused.
+    assert.equal((await part(8, Buffer.alloc(13))).status, 413);
+    assert.equal((await status()).received, 8);
+    assert.equal((await part(8, data.subarray(8))).body.received, data.length);
+    const commit = () =>
+      request("POST", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload?path=res/file.bin&staged=${id}`);
+    const done = await commit();
+    assert.equal(done.status, 201);
+    assert.deepEqual(done.body, { path: "res/file.bin" });
+    assert.deepEqual(fs.readFileSync(path.join(W1, "res/file.bin")), data);
+    // A commit whose answer was lost is answered again, never written twice.
+    fs.writeFileSync(path.join(W1, "res/file.bin"), "changed since");
+    const again = await commit();
+    assert.equal(again.status, 201);
+    assert.deepEqual(again.body, { path: "res/file.bin" });
+    assert.equal(fs.readFileSync(path.join(W1, "res/file.bin"), "utf8"), "changed since");
+    assert.deepEqual(await status(), { received: data.length, total: data.length, done: true });
+    // A taken name keeps the staged bytes for a retry with another policy.
+    const id2 = "resume-test-0000000002";
+    await part(0, data, id2);
+    const taken = await request(
+      "POST",
+      `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload?path=res/file.bin&staged=${id2}`
+    );
+    assert.equal(taken.status, 409);
+    assert.equal(taken.body.error.code, "EEXISTS");
+    const kept = await request(
+      "POST",
+      `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload?path=res/file.bin&staged=${id2}&conflict=keep`
+    );
+    assert.equal(kept.body.path, "res/file (1).bin");
+    assert.deepEqual(fs.readFileSync(path.join(W1, "res/file (1).bin")), data);
+    // A batch goes the same way.
+    const head = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify({ files: [{ path: "b1.txt", size: 2 }] }));
+    const len = Buffer.alloc(4);
+    len.writeUInt32BE(head.length);
+    const batch = Buffer.concat([len, head, Buffer.from("hi")]);
+    const id3 = "resume-test-0000000003";
+    await request(
+      "POST",
+      `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-part?upload=${id3}&offset=0&total=${batch.length}`,
+      batch,
+      { "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream" }
+    );
+    const b = await request("POST", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-batch?dir=res&staged=${id3}`);
+    assert.equal(b.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(fs.readFileSync(path.join(W1, "res/b1.txt"), "utf8"), "hi");
+    // Stop: forgotten. A bad id or an unknown upload is refused, never a path.
+    assert.equal(
+      (await request("DELETE", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-part?upload=${id}`)).status,
+      200
+    );
+    assert.equal((await status()).received, 0);
+    assert.equal(
+      (await request("GET", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload-part?upload=../../etc`)).status,
+      400
+    );
+    assert.equal(
+      (await request("POST", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/upload?path=x&staged=nope-nope-nope-nope`))
+        .status,
+      404
+    );
+    // Uploads are per user: another user's key never sees this one.
+    assert.equal(staging.status("42", id3).received, 0);
+    assert.ok(fs.statSync(path.join(staging.root(), "local")).isDirectory());
+    for (const i of [id2, id3]) staging.drop("local", i);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps the bytes of a part cut short, caps unfinished uploads, sweeps old ones", async () => {
+    const staging = require("../lib/upload-staging");
+    const { Readable } = require("node:stream");
+    const id = "cut-short-0000000001";
+    let sent = false;
+    const cut = new Readable({
+      read() {
+        if (!sent) {
+          sent = true;
+          this.push(Buffer.from("abcd"));
+        } else setTimeout(() => this.destroy(new Error("connection reset")), 30);
+      },
+    });
+    await assert.rejects(staging.putPart("u1", id, { offset: 0, total: 10, stream: cut }));
+    assert.equal(staging.status("u1", id).received, 4);
+    const rest = Readable.from([Buffer.from("efghij")]);
+    assert.equal(
+      (await staging.putPart("u1", id, { offset: 4, total: 10, stream: rest })).received,
+      10
+    );
+    // At most MAX_OPEN unfinished uploads per user.
+    for (let i = 1; i < staging.MAX_OPEN; i++) {
+      await staging.putPart("u1", `cap-test-${String(i).padStart(10, "0")}`, {
+        offset: 0,
+        total: 5,
+        stream: Readable.from([Buffer.from("a")]),
+      });
+    }
+    await assert.rejects(
+      staging.putPart("u1", "cap-test-overflow-01", {
+        offset: 0,
+        total: 5,
+        stream: Readable.from([Buffer.from("a")]),
+      }),
+      { code: "ETOOMANY" }
+    );
+    // A day untouched: swept.
+    staging.sweep(Date.now() + staging.KEEP_MS + 60_000);
+    assert.equal(staging.status("u1", id).received, 0);
+    assert.deepEqual(fs.readdirSync(path.join(staging.root(), "u1")), []);
+  });
+
   it("zips files and folders into one download that unzips to the same bytes", async () => {
     const r = await request("GET", `/api/lanes/${lane1}/fs/zip?p=src&p=site/css/app.css`);
     assert.equal(r.status, 200);
@@ -404,6 +544,49 @@ describe("File Explorer in a member's folder (S3, run-as stubbed)", () => {
     }
   });
 
+  it("writes an upload to a hidden temp file and moves it onto the name only when complete", async () => {
+    const { Readable } = require("node:stream");
+    const prev = runAs.writeAsAsync;
+    const runs = [];
+    // write-as as a shell would run it: `cat >file` takes whatever arrived.
+    runAs.writeAsAsync = async (_a, file, args, { input } = {}) => {
+      runs.push([path.basename(file), ...args.map((a) => path.basename(a))]);
+      if (!args.length) {
+        const chunks = [];
+        for await (const c of input) chunks.push(c);
+        fs.writeFileSync(file, Buffer.concat(chunks));
+      } else if (args[0] === "move") fs.renameSync(file, args[1]);
+      else if (args[0] === "remove") fs.rmSync(file, { force: true });
+    };
+    try {
+      const out = await fx.upload(M, "up.txt", Readable.from([Buffer.from("whole")]), {
+        length: "5",
+      });
+      assert.equal(out.path, "up.txt");
+      assert.equal(fs.readFileSync(path.join(M, "up.txt"), "utf8"), "whole");
+      assert.match(runs[0][0], /^\.up\.txt\.agenthub-upload-/);
+      assert.deepEqual(runs[1].slice(1), ["move", "up.txt"]);
+      // The body ended early (a dropped connection, a dying server): nothing
+      // under the real name, and the temp file is removed.
+      runs.length = 0;
+      await assert.rejects(
+        fx.upload(M, "cut.txt", Readable.from([Buffer.from("par")]), { length: "10" }),
+        { code: "EBADBODY" }
+      );
+      assert.ok(!fs.existsSync(path.join(M, "cut.txt")));
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        fs.readdirSync(M).filter((n) => n.includes("agenthub-upload")),
+        []
+      );
+      assert.deepEqual(
+        runs.map((r) => r[1] ?? "write"),
+        ["write", "remove"]
+      );
+    } finally {
+      runAs.writeAsAsync = prev;
+    }
+  });
+
   it("says the helper needs updating instead of failing obscurely", async () => {
     runAs.writeAsCanMove = () => false;
     try {

server/__tests__/git-signing.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/**
+ * @file Tests for importing an SSH key the user already has and signing
+ * commits with it (`POST /api/me/git/ssh-key/import`, `PUT /api/me/git/signing`,
+ * `server/lib/git-identity.js`): OpenSSH and PEM keys of both types read into
+ * the same public half `ssh-keygen -y` prints, only that half returned, the
+ * private file 0600; a passphrase key, a `.pub`, an ecdsa key and the same key
+ * twice refused; a real commit signed and verified by git; a signing key the
+ * user set themselves kept unless replaced; deleting the key stops signing.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+const { describe, it, before, after } = require("node:test");
+const assert = require("node:assert/strict");
+const crypto = require("node:crypto");
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const os = require("node:os");
+const path = require("node:path");
+const http = require("node:http");
+const { execFileSync } = require("node:child_process");
+
+const ROOT = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "git-signing-"));
+process.env.DASHBOARD_DB_PATH = path.join(ROOT, "t.db");
+process.env.CLAUDE_HOME = path.join(ROOT, ".claude");
+process.env.DASHBOARD_REMOTE_SYNC_MS = "0";
+process.env.DASHBOARD_LIVENESS_PROBE = "0";
+process.env.GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM = "1";
+process.env.HOME = ROOT;
+
+const { createApp } = require("../index");
+
+let app;
+let base;
+const KEYS = path.join(ROOT, "keys");
+
+function request(method, p, body) {
+  return fetch(`${base}${p}`, {
+    method,
+    headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+    body: body === undefined ? undefined : JSON.stringify(body),
+  }).then(async (r) => ({ status: r.status, body: await r.json().catch(() => null) }));
+}
+
+/** A key made by ssh-keygen itself: `{text, pub}` (pub = type + base64). */
+function keygen(name, args, pass = "") {
+  const file = path.join(KEYS, name);
+  execFileSync("ssh-keygen", ["-q", ...args, "-N", pass, "-C", "me@x", "-f", file]);
+  const pub = fs.readFileSync(`${file}.pub`, "utf8").split(" ").slice(0, 2).join(" ");
+  return { text: fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8"), pub };
+}
+const pubOf = (line) => line.split(" ").slice(0, 2).join(" ");
+const gitGet = (k) => {
+  try {
+    return execFileSync("git", ["config", "--global", "--get", k], { encoding: "utf8" }).trim();
+  } catch {
+    return "";
+  }
+};
+const removeAll = async () => {
+  await request("PUT", "/api/me/git/signing", { key: null });
+  await request("DELETE", "/api/me/git/ssh-key");
+};
+
+before(async () => {
+  fs.mkdirSync(KEYS);
+  app = http.createServer(createApp());
+  await new Promise((r) => app.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", r));
+  base = `http://127.0.0.1:${app.address().port}`;
+});
+after(async () => {
+  await new Promise((r) => app.close(r));
+  fs.rmSync(ROOT, { recursive: true, force: true });
+});
+
+describe("POST /api/me/git/ssh-key/import", () => {
+  it("reads an OpenSSH ed25519 key into the public half ssh-keygen prints", async () => {
+    const k = keygen("ed", ["-t", "ed25519"]);
+    const r = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: k.text });
+    assert.equal(r.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(pubOf(r.body.imported.publicKey), k.pub);
+    assert.equal(r.body.imported.name, "signing");
+    assert.equal(r.body.imported.id, "id_ed25519_signing");
+    // Nothing private in the answer, and the file is the owner's alone.
+    assert.ok(!JSON.stringify(r.body).includes("PRIVATE KEY"));
+    const file = path.join(ROOT, ".claude", "agenthub-ssh", "id_ed25519_signing");
+    assert.equal(fs.statSync(file).mode & 0o777, 0o600);
+    // What was written is a key ssh-keygen itself reads back.
+    assert.equal(
+      pubOf(execFileSync("ssh-keygen", ["-y", "-f", file], { encoding: "utf8" }).trim()),
+      k.pub
+    );
+    await removeAll();
+  });
+
+  it("reads OpenSSH RSA and PEM (PKCS#8) RSA keys", async () => {
+    const k = keygen("rsa", ["-t", "rsa", "-b", "2048"]);
+    const a = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: k.text });
+    assert.equal(a.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(a.body.imported.id, "id_rsa_signing");
+    assert.equal(pubOf(a.body.imported.publicKey), k.pub);
+    const pem = crypto
+      .generateKeyPairSync("rsa", { modulusLength: 2048 })
+      .privateKey.export({ type: "pkcs8", format: "pem" });
+    const b = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", {
+      privateKey: pem,
+      name: "work",
+    });
+    assert.equal(b.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(b.body.imported.id, "id_rsa_work");
+    await removeAll();
+  });
+
+  it("refuses a passphrase key, a public key, an ecdsa key and the same key twice", async () => {
+    const enc = keygen("enc", ["-t", "ed25519"], "secret-pass");
+    const r1 = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: enc.text });
+    assert.equal(r1.status, 400);
+    assert.equal(r1.body.error.code, "EKEYPASSPHRASE");
+    const r2 = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: enc.pub });
+    assert.equal(r2.body.error.code, "EBADKEY");
+    assert.match(r2.body.error.message, /PUBLIC key/);
+    const ec = keygen("ec", ["-t", "ecdsa"]);
+    const r3 = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: ec.text });
+    assert.equal(r3.body.error.code, "EBADKEYTYPE");
+    const k = keygen("twice", ["-t", "ed25519"]);
+    assert.equal(
+      (await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: k.text })).status,
+      201
+    );
+    const again = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", { privateKey: k.text });
+    assert.equal(again.status, 409);
+    assert.equal(again.body.error.code, "EEXISTS");
+    // A mangled paste never reaches the disk.
+    const lines = k.text.split("\n");
+    const i = 3; // inside the private section
+    lines[i] = lines[i].slice(0, 20) + (lines[i][20] === "Q" ? "R" : "Q") + lines[i].slice(21);
+    const bad = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", {
+      privateKey: lines.join("\n"),
+    });
+    assert.equal(bad.status, 400);
+    await removeAll();
+  });
+});
+
+describe("PUT /api/me/git/signing", () => {
+  it("signs a real commit with the imported key in one step", async () => {
+    const k = keygen("sign", ["-t", "ed25519"]);
+    const r = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", {
+      privateKey: k.text,
+      sign: true,
+    });
+    assert.equal(r.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(r.body.signError, null);
+    assert.deepEqual(r.body.signing, { state: "on", key: "id_ed25519_signing", path: null });
+    assert.equal(gitGet("gpg.format"), "ssh");
+    assert.equal(gitGet("commit.gpgsign"), "true");
+    // The PRIVATE file: ssh-keygen signs with it, no agent needed.
+    assert.match(gitGet("user.signingkey"), /agenthub-ssh\/id_ed25519_signing$/);
+
+    const repo = path.join(ROOT, "repo");
+    execFileSync("git", ["init", "-q", repo]);
+    const env = { ...process.env, GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: "t", GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL: "me@x" };
+    Object.assign(env, { GIT_COMMITTER_NAME: "t", GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL: "me@x" });
+    execFileSync("git", ["-C", repo, "commit", "-q", "--allow-empty", "-m", "signed"], { env });
+    const allowed = path.join(ROOT, "allowed");
+    fs.writeFileSync(allowed, `me@x ${k.pub}\n`);
+    const status = execFileSync(
+      "git",
+      ["-C", repo, "-c", `gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile=${allowed}`, "log", "-1", "--format=%G?"],
+      { encoding: "utf8" }
+    ).trim();
+    assert.equal(status, "G");
+
+    // Deleting the signing key stops signing, so commits keep working.
+    await request("DELETE", "/api/me/git/ssh-key?id=id_ed25519_signing");
+    assert.equal(gitGet("user.signingkey"), "");
+    assert.equal(gitGet("commit.gpgsign"), "");
+    await removeAll();
+  });
+
+  it("keeps a signing key the user set themselves unless told to replace it", async () => {
+    execFileSync("git", ["config", "--global", "user.signingkey", "~/.ssh/id_ed25519"]);
+    const k = keygen("mine", ["-t", "ed25519"]);
+    const r = await request("POST", "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import", {
+      privateKey: k.text,
+      sign: true,
+    });
+    // The key is saved; only the switch was refused, and said so.
+    assert.equal(r.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(r.body.signError.code, "EFOREIGNSIGN");
+    assert.deepEqual(r.body.signing, { state: "foreign", key: null, path: "~/.ssh/id_ed25519" });
+    const off = await request("PUT", "/api/me/git/signing", { key: null });
+    assert.equal(off.status, 200);
+    assert.equal(gitGet("user.signingkey"), "~/.ssh/id_ed25519");
+    const on = await request("PUT", "/api/me/git/signing", {
+      key: r.body.imported.id,
+      replace: true,
+    });
+    assert.equal(on.status, 200);
+    assert.equal(on.body.signing.state, "on");
+    const stop = await request("PUT", "/api/me/git/signing", { key: null });
+    assert.equal(stop.body.signing.state, "off");
+    assert.equal(gitGet("gpg.format"), "");
+    const none = await request("PUT", "/api/me/git/signing", { key: "id_ed25519_nope" });
+    assert.equal(none.body.error.code, "ENOKEY");
+    await removeAll();
+  });
+});

server/__tests__/home-files.test.js

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
  * fine, delete/restore work with no workspace, a copy goes home ↔ workspace
  * under each side's own rule — and in server mode a developer never reaches
  * another user's home while an admin gets it read-only — except its Trash,
+ * and a resumable upload in parts lands in the home under the same rule,
  * which the admin lists, restores from and purges as the member's own.
  * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
  */
@@ -166,6 +167,38 @@ describe("File Explorer on the home", () => {
     assert.ok(!fs.existsSync(path.join(WS, "id_ed25519")));
   });
 
+  it("resumes an upload into the home in parts, under the home rule", async () => {
+    const raw = (method, p, body) =>
+      fetch(`${base}${p}`, {
+        method,
+        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/octet-stream" },
+        body,
+      }).then(async (r) => ({ status: r.status, body: await r.json() }));
+    const id = "home-resume-00000001";
+    const data = Buffer.from("home bytes");
+    assert.equal(
+      (
+        await raw(
+          "POST",
+          `${H}/upload-part?upload=${id}&offset=0&total=${data.length}`,
+          data.subarray(0, 4)
+        )
+      ).body.received,
+      4
+    );
+    assert.equal((await request("GET", `${H}/upload-part?upload=${id}`)).body.received, 4);
+    await raw(
+      "POST",
+      `${H}/upload-part?upload=${id}&offset=4&total=${data.length}`,
+      data.subarray(4)
+    );
+    // The home rule still holds for the staged bytes: no top-level dot entry.
+    assert.equal((await raw("POST", `${H}/upload?path=.ssh/x&staged=${id}`)).status, 403);
+    const ok = await raw("POST", `${H}/upload?path=docs/up.txt&staged=${id}`);
+    assert.equal(ok.status, 201);
+    assert.equal(fs.readFileSync(path.join(HOME, "docs/up.txt"), "utf8"), "home bytes");
+  });
+
   it("refuses an unknown home", async () => {
     assert.equal((await request("GET", "/api/homes/someone/fs/list")).status, 404);
   });
@@ -256,13 +289,10 @@ describe("an admin manages a member's Trash", () => {
 
     // …and every user's in one list, each item tagged with its home and owner.
     const all = (await call("GET", "/api/homes/trash", dan)).body;
-    assert.deepEqual(
-      all.items.map((i) => [i.name, i.home, i.owner]).sort(),
-      [
-        ["junk", "cara", "cara"],
-        ["old", "cara", "cara"],
-      ]
-    );
+    assert.deepEqual(all.items.map((i) => [i.name, i.home, i.owner]).sort(), [
+      ["junk", "cara", "cara"],
+      ["old", "cara", "cara"],
+    ]);
     // A developer's merged view is only their own.
     assert.deepEqual(
       (await call("GET", "/api/homes/trash", cara)).body.items.map((i) => i.home),

server/__tests__/lane-sources.test.js

@@ -208,6 +208,9 @@ describe("lane-sources instructions and launch", () => {
     // Claude Code hides its task tools from newer models without this, and the
     // chat Progress panel is drawn from those calls.
     assert.ok(newSession.includes("CLAUDE_CODE_ENABLE_TODO_TOOLS=1"));
+    // One wheel notch reaches claude as one report; it scrolls this many lines.
+    if (!process.env.CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED)
+      assert.ok(newSession.includes("CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED=5"));
     assert.deepEqual(fs.readdirSync(dir), ["CLAUDE.md"]);
     const text = fs.readFileSync(path.join(dir, "CLAUDE.md"), "utf8");
     assert.match(text, /^- always answer in Vietnamese/);

server/__tests__/me-avatar.test.js

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
  * server/lib/avatars.js): an account sets, reads and removes its own picture;
  * only PNG/JPEG/GIF/WebP by magic bytes (an SVG is refused), at most 1 MB,
  * served with `nosniff` and a `sandbox` CSP; `avatarAt` reaches `/api/auth/me`;
- * another account never sees it through `/api/me`; staff read it at
- * `/api/users/:id/avatar` (a developer is refused) and a workspace carries
+ * another account never sees it through `/api/me`; every account reads it at
+ * `/api/users/:id/avatar` (a developer too — only the picture, the rest of
+ * `/users` stays staff-only) and a workspace carries
  * `owner_avatar_at` for the sidebar's owner groups. A picture from a link
  * (`POST /api/me/avatar/url`, server/lib/avatar-url.js) is stored, never
  * downloaded, and the avatar routes redirect to it; https only, never a
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ it("a picture from a link: https only, never a private or local address", async
   }
 });
 
-it("staff read another account's avatar; workspaces carry owner_avatar_at", async () => {
+it("every account reads another's avatar; workspaces carry owner_avatar_at", async () => {
   const ava = await login("ava", "ava-pass-1");
   const ann = await login("ann", "ann-pass-1");
   const bob = await login("bob", "bob-pass-1");
@@ -210,8 +211,12 @@ it("staff read another account's avatar; workspaces carry owner_avatar_at", asyn
   assert.deepEqual(Buffer.from(await got.arrayBuffer()), PNG);
   assert.equal(
     (await fetch(`${BASE}/api/users/${id}/avatar`, { headers: { cookie: bob } })).status,
-    403
+    200
   );
+  // Only the picture: the rest of /users stays staff-only for a developer.
+  for (const path of [`/api/users/${id}`, `/api/users/${id}/details`, "/api/users"]) {
+    assert.equal((await fetch(BASE + path, { headers: { cookie: bob } })).status, 403, path);
+  }
   const lanes = (await (await fetch(BASE + "/api/lanes", { headers: { cookie: ann } })).json())
     .lanes;
   assert.ok(lanes.find((l) => l.cwd === "/w/ava").owner_avatar_at);

server/lib/auth.js

@@ -128,6 +128,11 @@ const STAFF_ONLY_PREFIXES = [
 // Staff-only paths with an id in the middle, matched on `apiPath()`'s
 // lower-cased form: the host's own AI-tool config files (they may hold keys).
 const STAFF_ONLY_PATTERNS = [/^\/ai-tools\/[^/]+\/config(\/|$)/];
+// The one read under a staff-only prefix every signed-in user may make: an
+// account's PICTURE (`GET /users/:id/avatar` — the image or a redirect to its
+// link, nothing else of the account). System Health shows every user's name and
+// `avatarAt` to everyone, so a developer refused here saw only initials.
+const EVERYONE_READS = [/^\/users\/\d+\/avatar$/];
 
 const isServerMode = () => process.env.AGENTHUB_MODE === "server";
 
@@ -789,6 +794,7 @@ function authGuard(req, res, next) {
   const isRead = req.method === "GET" || req.method === "HEAD";
   if (
     user.role === "developer" &&
+    !(isRead && EVERYONE_READS.some((re) => re.test(lp))) &&
     (STAFF_ONLY_PREFIXES.some(under) || STAFF_ONLY_PATTERNS.some((re) => re.test(lp)))
   ) {
     return deny(res, 403, "EADMIN", "only an admin or analyst may open this");

server/lib/file-explorer.js

@@ -634,16 +634,26 @@ async function purgeTrash(dir, userKey, id) {
 
 // ── Upload ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-/** A pass-through that fails once more than `max` bytes went by. */
+/** A pass-through that fails once more than `max` bytes went by (`seen()`: the count). */
 function capped(max) {
   let n = 0;
-  return new Transform({
+  const t = new Transform({
     transform(chunk, _enc, cb) {
       n += chunk.length;
       if (n > max) return cb(bad("ETOOBIG", `a file may be at most ${max / 1024 / 1024} MB`));
       cb(null, chunk);
     },
   });
+  t.seen = () => n;
+  return t;
+}
+
+/** A body that stopped short of its announced length (a dropped connection). */
+function shortBody(limit, length) {
+  if (length == null || length === "") return null;
+  const want = Number(length);
+  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(want) || limit.seen() === want) return null;
+  return bad("EBADBODY", `the upload ended early (${limit.seen()} of ${want} bytes)`);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -677,16 +687,41 @@ async function upload(dir, rel, stream, { conflict, length, trash } = {}) {
   }
   const acct = accountAt(loc.abs);
   const limit = capped(UPLOAD_MAX_BYTES);
-  if (acct) {
-    // write-as `replace`: a new file renamed over the name, as the member.
-    const done = runAs.writeAsAsync(acct, loc.abs, ["replace"], { input: limit });
-    await Promise.all([
+  const feed = (done) =>
+    Promise.all([
       pipeline(stream, limit).catch((e) => {
         limit.destroy(e);
         throw e;
       }),
       done,
     ]);
+  if (acct && runAs.writeAsCanMove()) {
+    // As the member: a hidden temp file, moved onto the name only once every
+    // byte arrived. write-as cannot tell a dropped connection (or a server
+    // that died mid-upload) from the end of the file — writing the name
+    // itself would leave a truncated file there under its real name.
+    const tmp = path.join(
+      loc.parent.abs,
+      `.${loc.name}.agenthub-upload-${crypto.randomBytes(4).toString("hex")}`
+    );
+    try {
+      await feed(runAs.writeAsAsync(acct, tmp, [], { input: limit }));
+      const short = shortBody(limit, length);
+      if (short) throw short;
+      // `move` never lands on an existing name: one taken meanwhile is refused.
+      await runAs.writeAsAsync(acct, tmp, ["move", loc.abs]).catch((e) => {
+        if (/exists/.test(e.message)) {
+          throw bad("EEXISTS", `${loc.rel} already exists`, { names: [loc.name] });
+        }
+        throw e;
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      await runAs.writeAsAsync(acct, tmp, ["remove"]).catch(() => {});
+      throw e;
+    }
+  } else if (acct) {
+    // An older write-as without `move`: `replace` (a new file renamed over the name).
+    await feed(runAs.writeAsAsync(acct, loc.abs, ["replace"], { input: limit }));
   } else {
     const tmp = path.join(
       loc.parent.abs,
@@ -694,6 +729,8 @@ async function upload(dir, rel, stream, { conflict, length, trash } = {}) {
     );
     try {
       await pipeline(stream, limit, fs.createWriteStream(tmp, { flags: "wx" }));
+      const short = shortBody(limit, length);
+      if (short) throw short;
       // Linked, not renamed: a name taken meanwhile is refused, never replaced.
       await fs.promises.link(tmp, loc.abs).catch(async (e) => {
         if (e.code === "EEXIST")

server/lib/git-identity.js

@@ -190,6 +190,11 @@ function makeKeyPair(comment) {
   const pair = crypto.generateKeyPairSync("ed25519");
   const pub = Buffer.from(pair.publicKey.export({ format: "jwk" }).x, "base64url");
   const seed = Buffer.from(pair.privateKey.export({ format: "jwk" }).d, "base64url");
+  return encodeEd25519(seed, pub, comment);
+}
+
+/** An ed25519 key (32-byte seed + public half) in OpenSSH's own formats. */
+function encodeEd25519(seed, pub, comment) {
   const type = Buffer.from("ssh-ed25519");
   const pubBlob = Buffer.concat([sshString(type), sshString(pub)]);
   const check = crypto.randomBytes(4);
@@ -220,6 +225,182 @@ function makeKeyPair(comment) {
   };
 }
 
+/** `ssh-rsa …` for an RSA key object (private or public). */
+function rsaPublicLine(key, comment) {
+  const jwk = crypto.createPublicKey(key).export({ format: "jwk" });
+  const blob = Buffer.concat([
+    sshString(Buffer.from("ssh-rsa")),
+    mpint(Buffer.from(jwk.e, "base64url")),
+    mpint(Buffer.from(jwk.n, "base64url")),
+  ]);
+  return `ssh-rsa ${blob.toString("base64")} ${comment}\n`;
+}
+
+// ── An imported key ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/** A pasted key file is a few KB; anything far past that is not one. */
+const IMPORT_MAX = 32 * 1024;
+const PASSPHRASE_HINT =
+  "this key has a passphrase — a commit made from the dashboard has nowhere to type it. " +
+  'Make a copy without one on your own machine (ssh-keygen -p -N "" -f <copy>) and import the copy';
+
+/** Reads SSH wire strings out of a buffer; EBADKEY on a short one. */
+function wireReader(buf) {
+  let at = 0;
+  const need = (n) => {
+    if (at + n > buf.length) throw err("EBADKEY", "not a valid SSH private key");
+  };
+  return {
+    u32() {
+      need(4);
+      const v = buf.readUInt32BE(at);
+      at += 4;
+      return v;
+    },
+    bytes() {
+      const n = this.u32();
+      need(n);
+      const v = buf.subarray(at, at + n);
+      at += n;
+      return v;
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+const b64u = (b) => Buffer.from(b).toString("base64url");
+const big = (b) => BigInt(`0x${Buffer.from(b).toString("hex") || "0"}`);
+const unbig = (n) => {
+  let h = n.toString(16);
+  if (h.length % 2) h = `0${h}`;
+  return Buffer.from(h, "hex");
+};
+/** An SSH mpint's magnitude without its sign byte. */
+const mag = (b) => (b[0] === 0 && b.length > 1 ? b.subarray(1) : b);
+
+/**
+ * An `openssh-key-v1` file (`BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY`) as a KeyObject plus
+ * its comment. Encrypted ones are refused (EKEYPASSPHRASE): reading them
+ * needs the passphrase, and signing from the dashboard would need it again.
+ */
+function parseOpenSsh(text) {
+  const b64 = text.replace(/-----(BEGIN|END) OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----/g, "").replace(/\s+/g, "");
+  const buf = Buffer.from(b64, "base64");
+  const magic = Buffer.from("openssh-key-v1\0");
+  if (!buf.subarray(0, magic.length).equals(magic)) {
+    throw err("EBADKEY", "not a valid SSH private key");
+  }
+  const r = wireReader(buf.subarray(magic.length));
+  const cipher = r.bytes().toString();
+  r.bytes(); // kdf name
+  r.bytes(); // kdf options
+  if (cipher !== "none") throw err("EKEYPASSPHRASE", PASSPHRASE_HINT);
+  if (r.u32() !== 1) throw err("EBADKEY", "a key file holding one key");
+  r.bytes(); // the public blob — checked against the private half below
+  const p = wireReader(r.bytes());
+  if (p.u32() !== p.u32()) throw err("EBADKEY", "not a valid SSH private key");
+  const type = p.bytes().toString();
+  if (type === "ssh-ed25519") {
+    const pub = p.bytes();
+    const sk = p.bytes();
+    if (pub.length !== 32 || sk.length !== 64 || !sk.subarray(32).equals(pub)) {
+      throw err("EBADKEY", "not a valid SSH private key");
+    }
+    const key = crypto.createPrivateKey({
+      key: { kty: "OKP", crv: "Ed25519", d: b64u(sk.subarray(0, 32)), x: b64u(pub) },
+      format: "jwk",
+    });
+    return { key, comment: p.bytes().toString("utf8") };
+  }
+  if (type === "ssh-rsa") {
+    const n = mag(p.bytes());
+    const e = mag(p.bytes());
+    const d = mag(p.bytes());
+    const qi = mag(p.bytes());
+    const pp = mag(p.bytes());
+    const q = mag(p.bytes());
+    const D = big(d);
+    const key = crypto.createPrivateKey({
+      key: {
+        kty: "RSA",
+        n: b64u(n),
+        e: b64u(e),
+        d: b64u(d),
+        p: b64u(pp),
+        q: b64u(q),
+        dp: b64u(unbig(D % (big(pp) - 1n))),
+        dq: b64u(unbig(D % (big(q) - 1n))),
+        qi: b64u(qi),
+      },
+      format: "jwk",
+    });
+    return { key, comment: p.bytes().toString("utf8") };
+  }
+  throw err("EBADKEYTYPE", `an ${type.replace(/^ssh-/, "")} key — import an ed25519 or RSA one`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * A pasted or uploaded private key → `{type, privateKey, publicKey}` in the
+ * same formats a generated key is written in. Takes OpenSSH's own format and
+ * the PEM ones (PKCS#1, PKCS#8); refuses an encrypted key (EKEYPASSPHRASE),
+ * anything but ed25519 or RSA ≥ 2048 bits (EBADKEYTYPE), and a key whose
+ * halves do not sign and verify as one (EBADKEY).
+ */
+function parsePrivateKey(text, fallbackComment) {
+  const src = typeof text === "string" ? text.replace(/\r\n?/g, "\n").trim() : "";
+  if (!src || src.length > IMPORT_MAX || !/-----BEGIN [A-Z0-9 ]*PRIVATE KEY-----/.test(src)) {
+    throw err(
+      "EBADKEY",
+      /^ssh-|^ecdsa-/.test(src)
+        ? "that is a PUBLIC key (.pub) — import the private key file next to it"
+        : "not an SSH private key — the file starts with -----BEGIN … PRIVATE KEY-----"
+    );
+  }
+  let key;
+  let comment = "";
+  if (/-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----/.test(src)) {
+    ({ key, comment } = parseOpenSsh(src));
+  } else {
+    if (/ENCRYPTED/.test(src)) throw err("EKEYPASSPHRASE", PASSPHRASE_HINT);
+    try {
+      key = crypto.createPrivateKey(src);
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (/passphrase/i.test(String(e?.code || e?.message))) {
+        throw err("EKEYPASSPHRASE", PASSPHRASE_HINT);
+      }
+      throw err("EBADKEY", "not a valid SSH private key");
+    }
+  }
+  const kind = key.asymmetricKeyType;
+  if (kind !== "ed25519" && kind !== "rsa") {
+    throw err("EBADKEYTYPE", `an ${kind || "unknown"} key — import an ed25519 or RSA one`);
+  }
+  if (kind === "rsa" && (key.asymmetricKeyDetails?.modulusLength ?? 0) < 2048) {
+    throw err("EBADKEYTYPE", "an RSA key under 2048 bits — too weak to sign with");
+  }
+  // The halves belong together: a mangled paste fails here, not at commit time.
+  const probe = Buffer.from("agenthub key check");
+  const hash = kind === "rsa" ? "sha256" : null;
+  if (!crypto.verify(hash, probe, crypto.createPublicKey(key), crypto.sign(hash, probe, key))) {
+    throw err("EBADKEY", "the key's private and public halves do not match");
+  }
+  const label =
+    String(comment || fallbackComment || "agenthub")
+      .replace(/[^\w.@+-]/g, "")
+      .slice(0, 64) || "agenthub";
+  if (kind === "ed25519") {
+    const jwk = key.export({ format: "jwk" });
+    return {
+      type: "ed25519",
+      ...encodeEd25519(Buffer.from(jwk.d, "base64url"), Buffer.from(jwk.x, "base64url"), label),
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    type: "rsa",
+    privateKey: key.export({ type: "pkcs1", format: "pem" }),
+    publicKey: rsaPublicLine(key, label),
+  };
+}
+
 /** `SHA256:…` as `ssh-keygen -l` prints it, from a public key line. */
 function fingerprint(publicKey) {
   const blob = Buffer.from(String(publicKey).trim().split(/\s+/)[1] || "", "base64");
@@ -321,6 +502,109 @@ async function generateSshKey(
   return sshKeysInfo(account).find((k) => k.id === id) ?? null;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Import a key the user already has (`privateKey`: the file's text) as a
+ * NAMED key beside the generated ones — `name`, else `signing`, `signing-2`…
+ * Written exactly like a generated key (0600, as the member), so it serves
+ * clones and pushes too; only its public half is ever returned. The same key
+ * twice is EEXISTS, naming the key that holds it.
+ */
+async function importSshKey(account, { privateKey, name = null, comment } = {}) {
+  const parsed = parsePrivateKey(privateKey, comment);
+  const keys = currentKeys(account);
+  const fp = fingerprint(parsed.publicKey);
+  const twin = keys.find((k) => fingerprint(k.publicKey) === fp);
+  if (twin) throw err("EEXISTS", `this key is already here as ${twin.name ?? twin.type}`);
+  let keyName = name == null || name === "" ? null : String(name).trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (keyName === null) {
+    keyName = "signing";
+    for (let n = 2; keys.some((k) => k.name === keyName); n++) keyName = `signing-${n}`;
+  }
+  if (!KEY_NAME_RE.test(keyName)) {
+    throw err("EBADKEYNAME", "a key name of lowercase letters, digits and -, up to 32");
+  }
+  if (keys.some((k) => k.name === keyName))
+    throw err("EEXISTS", `a key named ${keyName} already exists`);
+  if (keys.length >= MAX_KEYS) throw err("ETOOMANYKEYS", `at most ${MAX_KEYS} SSH keys`);
+  const id = keyIdFor(parsed.type, keyName);
+  const file = path.join(paths(account).sshDir, id);
+  writeText(account, file, parsed.privateKey, { secret: true });
+  writeText(account, `${file}.pub`, parsed.publicKey, { secret: false });
+  if (account.kind === "member" || (await terminalSshState(account)) === "on") {
+    await setTerminalSsh(account, true).catch(() => {});
+  }
+  return sshKeysInfo(account).find((k) => k.id === id) ?? null;
+}
+
+// ── Commit signing (`~/.gitconfig` gpg.format / user.signingkey) ───────────
+
+/** One global git config value, or "" when unset. */
+async function globalGet(account, key) {
+  const { git } = require("./worktree");
+  return git(homeOf(account), ["config", "--global", "--get", key]).then(
+    (r) => r.stdout.trim(),
+    () => ""
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Whether the account's commits are signed with one of ITS AgentHub keys:
+ * `{state: "on", key}` (gpg.format ssh, user.signingkey = that key's private
+ * file — ssh-keygen signs with the private file, a `.pub` needs an agent the
+ * dashboard has not got — and commit.gpgsign true), `{state: "off"}`, or
+ * `{state: "foreign", path}` when the user set a signing key of their own
+ * (never touched without `replace`).
+ */
+async function signingState(account) {
+  const signingKey = await globalGet(account, "user.signingkey");
+  if (!signingKey) return { state: "off", key: null, path: null };
+  const k = currentKeys(account).find((x) => x.file === signingKey);
+  // Not one of our keys — the user's own, or one of ours deleted by hand
+  // (commits then fail): either way show the path, so a key can be picked.
+  if (!k) return { state: "foreign", key: null, path: signingKey };
+  const on =
+    (await globalGet(account, "gpg.format")) === "ssh" &&
+    (await globalGet(account, "commit.gpgsign")) === "true";
+  return { state: on ? "on" : "off", key: on ? k.id : null, path: null };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sign every commit of the account with key `id` (null = stop signing).
+ * Over a signing key the user set themselves only with `replace`
+ * (EFOREIGNSIGN); off removes only our own settings. No value is a secret —
+ * the key's PATH crosses sudo's argv, never its content.
+ */
+async function setSigning(account, { id = null, replace = false } = {}) {
+  const { git } = require("./worktree");
+  const home = homeOf(account);
+  const state = await signingState(account);
+  const unset = (key) =>
+    git(home, ["config", "--global", "--unset", key]).catch(() => {
+      /* already unset */
+    });
+  if (id == null) {
+    if (state.state === "foreign") return state;
+    if ((await globalGet(account, "user.signingkey")) !== "") {
+      await unset("commit.gpgsign");
+      await unset("user.signingkey");
+      await unset("gpg.format");
+    }
+    return signingState(account);
+  }
+  const k = currentKeys(account).find((x) => x.id === id);
+  if (!k) throw err("ENOKEY", "no such SSH key");
+  if (state.state === "foreign" && !replace) {
+    throw err(
+      "EFOREIGNSIGN",
+      `your ~/.gitconfig already signs with ${state.path} — confirm to switch to ${k.name ?? k.type}`
+    );
+  }
+  await git(home, ["config", "--global", "gpg.format", "ssh"]);
+  await git(home, ["config", "--global", "user.signingkey", k.file]);
+  await git(home, ["config", "--global", "commit.gpgsign", "true"]);
+  return signingState(account);
+}
+
 /**
  * Delete one key — `{id}`, or the DEFAULT key of `{type}` — or every key when
  * neither is given; false when there was none. A login naming a deleted key
@@ -335,6 +619,11 @@ async function removeSshKey(account, which) {
     id != null ? k.id === id : type != null ? k.id === KEY_FILES[type] : true
   );
   if (!gone.length) return false;
+  // Commits signed with a key about to go would all fail: stop signing first.
+  const signingKey = await globalGet(account, "user.signingkey");
+  if (signingKey && gone.some((k) => k.file === signingKey)) {
+    await setSigning(account, { id: null }).catch(() => {});
+  }
   for (const k of gone) {
     removeFile(account, k.file);
     removeFile(account, `${k.file}.pub`);
@@ -1133,6 +1422,10 @@ module.exports = {
   sshKeyInfo,
   sshKeysInfo,
   generateSshKey,
+  importSshKey,
+  parsePrivateKey,
+  signingState,
+  setSigning,
   removeSshKey,
   terminalSshCommand,
   terminalSshState,

server/lib/pty-run.js

@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ const RUN_ID_RE = /^agenthub-lane-(\d+)(?:-([1-9]))?$/;
 /** Highest pane slot a lane may use: ten sessions per workspace, 0–9 (the
  *  Workspace groups them into tabs of up to four split panes each). */
 const MAX_PANE_SLOT = 9;
+// Lines a fullscreen `claude` scrolls per wheel report (see spawnRun's env).
+const CLAUDE_SCROLL_SPEED = "5";
 const EFFORT_LEVELS = new Set(["low", "medium", "high", "xhigh", "max"]);
 // `auto` is the CLI's own default-ish mode (`claude --permission-mode auto`):
 // it asks only for what its classifier reads as risky. `default` is kept for
@@ -663,6 +665,15 @@ function spawnRun(args) {
     // (routes/sessions.js sessionOutline). A user's settings.json `env` still
     // wins, so `"0"` there turns them back off.
     ...(entry.launcher === "claude" ? { CLAUDE_CODE_ENABLE_TODO_TOOLS: "1" } : {}),
+    // Fullscreen claude scrolls by itself, and through tmux it cannot tell it
+    // runs in xterm.js (XTVERSION answers tmux), so it takes ONE line per wheel
+    // report — while xterm.js sends one report per notch (and damps a trackpad
+    // ×0.3). A notch moved a single line. CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED is Claude's
+    // own multiplier; the dashboard's env or the user's settings.json `env`
+    // (or /config → Scroll speed) still wins.
+    ...(entry.launcher === "claude" && !process.env.CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED
+      ? { CLAUDE_CODE_SCROLL_SPEED: CLAUDE_SCROLL_SPEED }
+      : {}),
     // No CLAUDE_CODE_DISABLE_ALTERNATE_SCREEN: an inline claude duplicated its
     // output whenever the pane narrowed (tmux re-wraps the full-width rules and
     // pushes lines into history its redraw cannot clear). The user's own

server/lib/upload-staging.js

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/**
+ * @file Resumable uploads for the File Explorer: an upload's bytes are sent in
+ * parts and kept on the HOST's disk under
+ * `<data dir>/upload-staging/<user key>/<id>/` (0700/0600; never in a member's
+ * home), so a restart of the dashboard — an update, a manual restart, a crash —
+ * only costs the part in flight: the browser asks how much arrived (`status`)
+ * and sends the rest. Only when every byte is here is the file written where
+ * it goes, by the SAME `upload`/`uploadBatch` code (and guards) as a one-shot
+ * upload, reading the staged file instead of the request (`commit`).
+ *
+ * `<id>` is the browser's own random name for one upload; ids live per user
+ * key, so one user can never read, extend or commit another's. A part must
+ * start exactly where the staged bytes end (`EOFFSET` with `received`), one
+ * request per id at a time (`EBUSY`), never past the `total` announced first.
+ * A committed upload keeps its answer (`result.json`) and drops its bytes, so
+ * a commit whose answer a restart swallowed is answered again, never written
+ * twice; a failed commit (a taken name, say) keeps the bytes for a retry with
+ * another `conflict`. At most `MAX_OPEN` unfinished uploads per user; anything
+ * untouched for `KEEP_MS` is swept.
+ * @author Nguyễn Ngọc Trí Vĩ <vinnt@smartgift.vn>
+ */
+
+"use strict";
+
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const path = require("node:path");
+const { Transform } = require("node:stream");
+const { pipeline } = require("node:stream/promises");
+
+const { getDataDir } = require("./claude-home");
+
+/** The largest upload (the browser sends a whole file — or a batch — under one id). */
+const TOTAL_MAX = 512 * 1024 * 1024;
+/** The largest part one request may carry. */
+const PART_MAX = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_OPEN = 8;
+const KEEP_MS = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+
+const ID_RE = /^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{16,64}$/;
+const KEY_RE = /^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{1,64}$/;
+
+const bad = (code, message, extra = {}) => Object.assign(new Error(message), { code, ...extra });
+
+/** Ids (`<key>/<id>`) a request in THIS process is working on. */
+const busy = new Set();
+
+const root = () => path.join(getDataDir(), "upload-staging");
+
+function dirOf(userKey, id) {
+  const key = String(userKey ?? "");
+  if (!KEY_RE.test(key)) throw bad("EBADBODY", "no user for this upload");
+  if (typeof id !== "string" || !ID_RE.test(id)) {
+    throw bad("EBADBODY", "an upload id is 16–64 letters, digits, '-' or '_'");
+  }
+  return { key, id, dir: path.join(root(), key, id), lock: `${key}/${id}` };
+}
+
+const dataFile = (d) => path.join(d.dir, "data");
+const metaFile = (d) => path.join(d.dir, "meta.json");
+const resultFile = (d) => path.join(d.dir, "result.json");
+
+function readJson(file) {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8"));
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+function writeJson(file, value) {
+  const tmp = `${file}.tmp`;
+  fs.writeFileSync(tmp, JSON.stringify(value), { mode: 0o600 });
+  fs.renameSync(tmp, file);
+}
+
+const sizeOf = (d) => {
+  try {
+    return fs.statSync(dataFile(d)).size;
+  } catch {
+    return 0;
+  }
+};
+
+function int(v, name, max) {
+  const n = typeof v === "string" && /^\d+$/.test(v) ? Number(v) : v;
+  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(n) || n < 0 || n > max) throw bad("EBADBODY", `bad ${name}`);
+  return n;
+}
+
+/** Drop uploads untouched for KEEP_MS (every user's — the store is one). */
+function sweep(now = Date.now()) {
+  let keys = [];
+  try {
+    keys = fs.readdirSync(root());
+  } catch {
+    return;
+  }
+  for (const key of keys) {
+    let ids = [];
+    try {
+      ids = fs.readdirSync(path.join(root(), key));
+    } catch {
+      continue;
+    }
+    for (const id of ids) {
+      if (busy.has(`${key}/${id}`)) continue;
+      const dir = path.join(root(), key, id);
+      try {
+        if (now - fs.statSync(dir).mtimeMs > KEEP_MS)
+          fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      } catch {
+        /* gone meanwhile */
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/** Unfinished uploads of `key` (a committed one keeps only its answer). */
+function openCount(key) {
+  let ids = [];
+  try {
+    ids = fs.readdirSync(path.join(root(), key));
+  } catch {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return ids.filter((id) => !fs.existsSync(path.join(root(), key, id, "result.json"))).length;
+}
+
+/** Touch the folder so `sweep` counts from the last part, not the first. */
+function touch(d) {
+  const now = new Date();
+  try {
+    fs.utimesSync(d.dir, now, now);
+  } catch {
+    /* best effort */
+  }
+}
+
+/** `{received, total, done}` of one upload (`received: 0`, `total: null` when unknown). */
+function status(userKey, id) {
+  const d = dirOf(userKey, id);
+  const meta = readJson(metaFile(d));
+  if (!meta) return { received: 0, total: null, done: false };
+  const done = fs.existsSync(resultFile(d));
+  return { received: done ? meta.total : sizeOf(d), total: meta.total, done };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Append the request `stream` at `offset` of upload `id` (of `total` bytes in
+ * all). Returns `{received, total}`.
+ */
+async function putPart(userKey, id, { offset, total, stream }) {
+  const d = dirOf(userKey, id);
+  const at = int(offset, "offset", TOTAL_MAX);
+  const all = int(total, "total", TOTAL_MAX);
+  if (busy.has(d.lock)) throw bad("EBUSY", "this upload is already receiving a part");
+  busy.add(d.lock);
+  try {
+    let meta = readJson(metaFile(d));
+    if (!meta) {
+      sweep();
+      if (openCount(d.key) >= MAX_OPEN) {
+        throw bad("ETOOMANY", `at most ${MAX_OPEN} unfinished uploads at a time`);
+      }
+      fs.mkdirSync(d.dir, { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 });
+      meta = { total: all, createdAt: new Date().toISOString() };
+      writeJson(metaFile(d), meta);
+    }
+    if (meta.total !== all) throw bad("EBADBODY", `this upload is ${meta.total} bytes`);
+    if (fs.existsSync(resultFile(d))) return { received: all, total: all };
+    const have = sizeOf(d);
+    if (at !== have) {
+      throw bad("EOFFSET", `this upload has ${have} bytes, not ${at}`, { received: have });
+    }
+    const room = Math.min(PART_MAX, all - have);
+    let n = 0;
+    const cap = new Transform({
+      transform(chunk, _enc, cb) {
+        n += chunk.length;
+        if (n > room) return cb(bad("ETOOBIG", "this part goes past the upload's end"));
+        cb(null, chunk);
+      },
+    });
+    // A part cut short leaves what arrived: the next one starts from there.
+    await pipeline(stream, cap, fs.createWriteStream(dataFile(d), { flags: "a", mode: 0o600 }));
+    touch(d);
+    return { received: sizeOf(d), total: all };
+  } finally {
+    busy.delete(d.lock);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Write a fully staged upload: `write(stream, size)` is the one-shot upload's
+ * own code, given the staged bytes; it answers `{status, body}`. A commit
+ * already made answers its stored answer again; a failed one keeps the bytes.
+ */
+async function commit(userKey, id, write) {
+  const d = dirOf(userKey, id);
+  const meta = readJson(metaFile(d));
+  if (!meta) throw bad("ENOFILE", "no such upload — send it again");
+  if (busy.has(d.lock)) throw bad("EBUSY", "this upload is still being written");
+  busy.add(d.lock);
+  try {
+    const stored = readJson(resultFile(d));
+    if (stored) return stored;
+    const have = sizeOf(d);
+    if (have !== meta.total) {
+      throw bad("EINCOMPLETE", `this upload has ${have} of ${meta.total} bytes`, {
+        received: have,
+      });
+    }
+    const stream = fs.createReadStream(dataFile(d));
+    let out;
+    try {
+      out = await write(stream, have);
+    } finally {
+      stream.destroy();
+    }
+    writeJson(resultFile(d), out);
+    fs.rmSync(dataFile(d), { force: true });
+    touch(d);
+    return out;
+  } finally {
+    busy.delete(d.lock);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Forget one upload (the browser stopped it, or has its answer). Also while a
+ * part is still arriving: a Stop drops the request, and the part writes on
+ * into a file no longer listed — never refused, or the stopped upload would
+ * hold one of MAX_OPEN for a day.
+ */
+function drop(userKey, id) {
+  const d = dirOf(userKey, id);
+  fs.rmSync(d.dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  return { dropped: true };
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  status,
+  putPart,
+  commit,
+  drop,
+  sweep,
+  root,
+  TOTAL_MAX,
+  PART_MAX,
+  MAX_OPEN,
+  KEEP_MS,
+};

server/openapi-extra/auth.js

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  *   - POST /api/me/avatar/url (Auth) — the picture as a link, redirected to
  *   - GET/PATCH /api/users/{id} (Auth) — the Users page's Edit user form (its `quota` too)
  *   - PUT /api/users/quota-default, GET /api/me/quota (Auth) — spend quotas per user
- *   - GET /api/users/{id}/avatar (Auth) — one account's picture (admin/analyst)
+ *   - GET /api/users/{id}/avatar (Auth) — one account's picture (every account)
  *   - GET /api/users/tmux, POST /api/users/{id}/tmux-restart, POST /api/users/tmux-restart-idle
  *     (Auth) — each member's own tmux server and an admin's restart of it (S3)
  * Exports `{ tags, schemas, paths }`, combined into the spec by
@@ -731,12 +731,11 @@ const paths = {
     get: {
       tags: ["Auth"],
       operationId: "getUserAvatar",
-      summary: "One account's picture, for the sidebar's owner groups (admin/analyst)",
+      summary: "One account's picture, for owner groups and System Health (every signed-in account)",
       parameters: [{ name: "id", in: "path", required: true, schema: { type: "integer" } }],
       responses: {
         200: { description: "The image (PNG, JPEG, GIF or WebP)" },
         302: { description: "Redirect to that account's avatar link" },
-        403: err("EADMIN — a developer"),
         404: err("ENOAVATAR"),
       },
     },

server/openapi-extra/files.js

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const tags = [
 ];
 
 const errorCodes =
-  "400 EBADPATH/EBADNAME, 403 ESECRET/EFOREIGN/EREADONLY (another user's home)/EBADORIGIN, 404 ENOFILE/ENOHOME, 409 EEXISTS (with `error.names`)/EUPGRADE/EMEMBERGONE, 413 ETOOBIG.";
+  "400 EBADPATH/EBADNAME, 403 ESECRET/EFOREIGN/EREADONLY (another user's home)/EBADORIGIN, 404 ENOFILE/ENOHOME, 409 EEXISTS (with `error.names`)/EUPGRADE/EMEMBERGONE, 413 ETOOBIG; a resumable upload adds 409 EOFFSET/EINCOMPLETE (with `error.received`)/EBUSY and 429 ETOOMANY.";
 
 const schemas = {
   FsEntry: {
@@ -141,12 +141,109 @@ const OPS = [
       parameters: [
         { name: "path", in: "query", required: true, schema: { type: "string" } },
         { name: "conflict", in: "query", schema: conflict },
+        {
+          name: "staged",
+          in: "query",
+          schema: { type: "string" },
+          description:
+            "Write the bytes sent before through `/upload-part` under this upload id instead of a body. A commit made before answers its stored answer again; a failed one keeps the bytes for a retry.",
+        },
+      ],
+      body: {
+        required: false,
+        content: { "application/octet-stream": { schema: { type: "string", format: "binary" } } },
+      },
+      status: 201,
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "get",
+    "/upload-part",
+    "How much of a resumable upload arrived",
+    {
+      opId: "UploadPartStatus",
+      note: "`{received, total, done}` for the caller's own upload id (`received: 0, total: null` when unknown). The browser asks this after the dashboard came back, then sends the rest.",
+      parameters: [
+        {
+          name: "upload",
+          in: "query",
+          required: true,
+          schema: { type: "string", pattern: "^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{16,64}$" },
+        },
+      ],
+      ok: {
+        description: "`{received, total, done}`",
+        content: {
+          "application/json": {
+            schema: {
+              type: "object",
+              properties: {
+                received: { type: "integer" },
+                total: { type: "integer", nullable: true },
+                done: { type: "boolean" },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "post",
+    "/upload-part",
+    "Send one part of a resumable upload (≤ 16 MB a part, 512 MB in all)",
+    {
+      opId: "UploadPart",
+      note: "Raw bytes appended at `offset` to the caller's upload `upload` of `total` bytes, staged on the host (`<data dir>/upload-staging/`) until `/upload` or `/upload-batch` names it with `?staged=`. A part must start where the staged bytes end (409 EOFFSET with `error.received`), one at a time per id (409 EBUSY); a part cut short keeps what arrived. At most 8 unfinished uploads per user (429 ETOOMANY); one untouched for a day is swept.",
+      parameters: [
+        {
+          name: "upload",
+          in: "query",
+          required: true,
+          schema: { type: "string", pattern: "^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{16,64}$" },
+        },
+        { name: "offset", in: "query", required: true, schema: { type: "integer", minimum: 0 } },
+        { name: "total", in: "query", required: true, schema: { type: "integer", minimum: 0 } },
       ],
       body: {
         required: true,
         content: { "application/octet-stream": { schema: { type: "string", format: "binary" } } },
       },
-      status: 201,
+      ok: {
+        description: "`{received, total}`",
+        content: {
+          "application/json": {
+            schema: {
+              type: "object",
+              properties: { received: { type: "integer" }, total: { type: "integer" } },
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    },
+  ],
+  [
+    "delete",
+    "/upload-part",
+    "Forget a resumable upload's staged bytes",
+    {
+      opId: "UploadPartDrop",
+      parameters: [
+        {
+          name: "upload",
+          in: "query",
+          required: true,
+          schema: { type: "string", pattern: "^[A-Za-z0-9_-]{16,64}$" },
+        },
+      ],
+      ok: {
+        description: "`{dropped: true}`",
+        content: {
+          "application/json": {
+            schema: { type: "object", properties: { dropped: { type: "boolean" } } },
+          },
+        },
+      },
     },
   ],
   [
@@ -178,9 +275,16 @@ const OPS = [
       parameters: [
         { name: "dir", in: "query", schema: { type: "string", default: "" } },
         { name: "conflict", in: "query", schema: conflict },
+        {
+          name: "staged",
+          in: "query",
+          schema: { type: "string" },
+          description:
+            "Write the bytes sent before through `/upload-part` under this upload id instead of a body. A commit made before answers its stored answer again; a failed one keeps the bytes for a retry.",
+        },
       ],
       body: {
-        required: true,
+        required: false,
         content: { "application/octet-stream": { schema: { type: "string", format: "binary" } } },
       },
       status: 201,
@@ -233,7 +337,7 @@ function operations(prefix, idParam, opPrefix, note) {
       tags: ["Files"],
       summary,
       description: `${note} ${x.note ? `${x.note} ` : ""}${errorCodes}`,
-      operationId: `${opPrefix}${sub.replace(/[/-](\w)/g, (_, c) => c.toUpperCase())}`,
+      operationId: `${opPrefix}${x.opId || sub.replace(/[/-](\w)/g, (_, c) => c.toUpperCase())}`,
       parameters: [idParam, ...(x.parameters || [])],
       ...(x.body ? { requestBody: x.body } : {}),
       responses: { [x.status || 200]: x.ok || { description: "Done." } },
@@ -459,6 +563,45 @@ const paths = {
       responses: { 200: { description: "The identity." } },
     },
   },
+  "/api/me/git/ssh-key/import": {
+    post: {
+      tags: ["Git identity"],
+      summary:
+        "Import a private key the user already has as a named key; with `sign`, sign commits with it at once",
+      operationId: "importSshKey",
+      requestBody: json(
+        {
+          privateKey: { type: "string", description: "The key file's text (OpenSSH or PEM)." },
+          name: { type: "string", pattern: "^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9-]{0,31}$" },
+          sign: { type: "boolean" },
+          replace: { type: "boolean" },
+        },
+        ["privateKey"]
+      ),
+      responses: {
+        201: {
+          description:
+            "The identity, plus `imported` (the key's public half) and `signError` (a refused `sign`, else null).",
+        },
+        400: { description: "EBADKEY / EKEYPASSPHRASE / EBADKEYTYPE / EBADKEYNAME" },
+        409: { description: "EEXISTS (the same key, or the name is taken) / ETOOMANYKEYS" },
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  "/api/me/git/signing": {
+    put: {
+      tags: ["Git identity"],
+      summary:
+        "Sign every commit with one of the account's keys (`key`: its id), or stop (`key: null`)",
+      operationId: "setCommitSigning",
+      requestBody: json({ key: { type: "string", nullable: true }, replace: { type: "boolean" } }),
+      responses: {
+        200: { description: "The identity; `signing.state` is on, off or foreign." },
+        400: { description: "ENOKEY" },
+        409: { description: "EFOREIGNSIGN — ~/.gitconfig already signs with a key of its own." },
+      },
+    },
+  },
   "/api/me/git/ssh-terminal": {
     put: {
       tags: ["Git identity"],

server/routes/git-identity.js

@@ -9,7 +9,12 @@
  * SSH key ID — each optionally tied to one key), and the commit author (`user.name` /
  * `user.email` of the account's global git config — a member's commits fail
  * without one; a new SSH key is labelled with that email, else
- * `<username>@smartgift.vn`). The account is the signed-in user's
+ * `<username>@smartgift.vn`), a key the user already has imported as a
+ * named one (`POST /ssh-key/import` — the private text goes in, only its
+ * public half ever comes back), and whether commits are signed with one of
+ * the keys (`PUT /signing`: `gpg.format ssh` + `user.signingkey` +
+ * `commit.gpgsign` in the account's `~/.gitconfig`; a signing key the user
+ * set themselves is replaced only on `replace: true`). The account is the signed-in user's
  * own Linux account under S3, else the host's, which only an admin (or local
  * mode) may change (`EHOSTIDENTITY`). Nothing here takes a path from the
  * request, and every write passes the same-origin guard.
@@ -39,6 +44,9 @@ const STATUS = {
   ETOOMANYKEYS: 409,
   EBADALIAS: 400,
   ENOKEY: 400,
+  EBADKEY: 400,
+  EKEYPASSPHRASE: 400,
+  EFOREIGNSIGN: 409,
 };
 
 function fail(res, e) {
@@ -61,6 +69,7 @@ async function view(account, username) {
     // The regions a CodeCommit key ID saved for "every region" covers.
     codecommitRegions: identity.CODECOMMIT_REGIONS,
     https: identity.listHttps(account),
+    signing: await identity.signingState(account),
     author: await identity.getAuthor(account),
     // What the author email form suggests while none is set.
     defaultEmail: identity.defaultEmail(username),
@@ -106,6 +115,46 @@ router.post("/ssh-key", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
   }
 });
 
+/**
+ * Import a private key the user already has: `{privateKey, name?, sign?,
+ * replace?}`. With `sign`, commits are signed with it at once (one step for
+ * the user); `replace` lets that take over a signing key they set themselves.
+ */
+router.post("/ssh-key/import", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const account = accountOf(req, { write: true });
+    const key = await identity.importSshKey(account, {
+      privateKey: req.body?.privateKey,
+      name: typeof req.body?.name === "string" ? req.body.name : null,
+      comment: (await identity.getAuthor(account)).email || identity.defaultEmail(usernameOf(req)),
+    });
+    let signError = null;
+    if (req.body?.sign === true && key) {
+      // The key is saved either way; a refused switch is said, not thrown away.
+      await identity
+        .setSigning(account, { id: key.id, replace: req.body?.replace === true })
+        .catch((e) => {
+          signError = { code: e.code || "EINTERNAL", message: e.message };
+        });
+    }
+    res.status(201).json({ ...(await view(account, usernameOf(req))), imported: key, signError });
+  } catch (e) {
+    fail(res, e);
+  }
+});
+
+/** Sign commits with key `{key: id}`, or stop (`{key: null}`); `replace` as above. */
+router.put("/signing", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
+  try {
+    const account = accountOf(req, { write: true });
+    const id = typeof req.body?.key === "string" && req.body.key ? req.body.key : null;
+    await identity.setSigning(account, { id, replace: req.body?.replace === true });
+    res.json(await view(account, usernameOf(req)));
+  } catch (e) {
+    fail(res, e);
+  }
+});
+
 router.delete("/ssh-key", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
   try {
     const account = accountOf(req, { write: true });

server/routes/homes.js

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  *   GET  /api/homes/:who/fs/list|trash|zip|download
  *   POST /api/homes/:who/fs/mkdir|newfile|rename|move|copy|delete|upload|trash/restore|trash/purge
  *   POST /api/homes/:who/fs/upload-batch|upload-check   many small files in one request
+ *   GET|POST|DELETE /api/homes/:who/fs/upload-part     a resumable upload's parts (then `?staged=`)
  *
  * `:who` is `me`, or — for an admin — another user's name: read-only
  * (`403 EREADONLY` on every write) and written to the audit log. The one
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ const express = require("express");
 const path = require("node:path");
 
 const fx = require("../lib/file-explorer");
+const staging = require("../lib/upload-staging");
 const homes = require("../lib/homes");
 const scope = require("../lib/scope");
 const lanesLib = require("../lib/lanes");
@@ -46,12 +48,17 @@ function fail(res, err) {
       EUPGRADE: 409,
       EMEMBERGONE: 409,
       ETOOBIG: 413,
+      EOFFSET: 409,
+      EBUSY: 409,
+      EINCOMPLETE: 409,
+      ETOOMANY: 429,
     }[err.code] ?? 500;
   res.status(status).json({
     error: {
       code: err.code || "EFS",
       message: err.message,
       ...(Array.isArray(err.names) ? { names: err.names } : {}),
+      ...(Number.isInteger(err.received) ? { received: err.received } : {}),
     },
   });
 }
@@ -294,22 +301,57 @@ router.post(
     TRASH_W
   )
 );
+/**
+ * The body of an upload: the request, or with `?staged=<id>` the bytes sent
+ * before in parts (`upload-staging.js`; see the workspace routes).
+ */
+function stagedOr(req, write) {
+  if (req.query.staged === undefined) return write(req, req.headers["content-length"]);
+  req.resume();
+  return staging.commit(userKey(req), req.query.staged, write);
+}
+router.get(
+  "/:who/fs/upload-part",
+  handle(async (req, res) => res.json(staging.status(userKey(req), req.query.upload)), W)
+);
+router.post(
+  "/:who/fs/upload-part",
+  sameOriginGuard,
+  handle(async (req, res) => {
+    try {
+      res.json(
+        await staging.putPart(userKey(req), req.query.upload, {
+          offset: req.query.offset,
+          total: req.query.total,
+          stream: req,
+        })
+      );
+    } catch (err) {
+      req.resume();
+      throw err;
+    }
+  }, W)
+);
+router.delete(
+  "/:who/fs/upload-part",
+  sameOriginGuard,
+  handle(async (req, res) => res.json(staging.drop(userKey(req), req.query.upload)), W)
+);
 router.post(
   "/:who/fs/upload",
   sameOriginGuard,
   handle(async (req, res, home) => {
     try {
-      const out = await fx.upload(
-        home.dir,
-        typeof req.query.path === "string" ? req.query.path : "",
-        req,
-        {
-          conflict: req.query.conflict,
-          length: req.headers["content-length"],
-          trash: trashFor(req, home),
-        }
-      );
-      res.status(out.skipped ? 200 : 201).json(out);
+      const r = await stagedOr(req, async (stream, length) => {
+        const out = await fx.upload(
+          home.dir,
+          typeof req.query.path === "string" ? req.query.path : "",
+          stream,
+          { conflict: req.query.conflict, length, trash: trashFor(req, home) }
+        );
+        return { status: out.skipped ? 200 : 201, body: out };
+      });
+      res.status(r.status).json(r.body);
     } catch (err) {
       req.resume();
       throw err;
@@ -321,13 +363,16 @@ router.post(
   sameOriginGuard,
   handle(async (req, res, home) => {
     try {
-      const out = await fx.uploadBatch(
-        home.dir,
-        typeof req.query.dir === "string" ? req.query.dir : "",
-        req,
-        { conflict: req.query.conflict, trash: trashFor(req, home) }
-      );
-      res.status(201).json(out);
+      const r = await stagedOr(req, async (stream) => ({
+        status: 201,
+        body: await fx.uploadBatch(
+          home.dir,
+          typeof req.query.dir === "string" ? req.query.dir : "",
+          stream,
+          { conflict: req.query.conflict, trash: trashFor(req, home) }
+        ),
+      }));
+      res.status(r.status).json(r.body);
     } catch (err) {
       req.resume();
       throw err;

server/routes/lanes.js

@@ -1879,6 +1879,7 @@ router.post("/:id/git/upload", sameOriginGuard, uploadBody, async (req, res) =>
 // folder's account. `conflict` (fail|skip|keep|replace) settles a taken
 // name; 409 EEXISTS carries `names` so the browser can ask.
 const fileExplorer = require("../lib/file-explorer");
+const uploadStaging = require("../lib/upload-staging");
 
 function fsFail(res, err) {
   const status =
@@ -1894,12 +1895,17 @@ function fsFail(res, err) {
       EMEMBERGONE: 409,
       ETOOBIG: 413,
       ENOHOME: 404,
+      EOFFSET: 409,
+      EBUSY: 409,
+      EINCOMPLETE: 409,
+      ETOOMANY: 429,
     }[err.code] ?? 500;
   res.status(status).json({
     error: {
       code: err.code || "EFS",
       message: err.message,
       ...(Array.isArray(err.names) ? { names: err.names } : {}),
+      ...(Number.isInteger(err.received) ? { received: err.received } : {}),
     },
   });
 }
@@ -2056,6 +2062,61 @@ router.post("/:id/fs/trash/purge", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
   }
 });
 
+/**
+ * An upload's body: the request itself, or — with `?staged=<id>` — the bytes
+ * this user already sent in parts (`upload-staging.js`), so a restart in the
+ * middle costs only the part in flight. `write(stream, length)` answers
+ * `{status, body}`; a staged commit made before answers its stored answer.
+ */
+function stagedOr(req, write) {
+  const id = req.query.staged;
+  if (id === undefined) {
+    return write(req, req.headers["content-length"]);
+  }
+  req.resume();
+  return uploadStaging.commit(fsUserKey(req), id, write);
+}
+
+/**
+ * One part of a resumable upload (`?upload=&offset=&total=`, raw bytes); GET = how
+ * much arrived (`{received, total, done}`), DELETE = forget it. The bytes stay
+ * on the host until `/fs/upload` or `/fs/upload-batch` names `?staged=<id>`.
+ */
+router.get("/:id/fs/upload-part", async (req, res) => {
+  const t = await gitTargetOr404(req, res);
+  if (!t) return;
+  try {
+    res.json(uploadStaging.status(fsUserKey(req), req.query.upload));
+  } catch (err) {
+    fsFail(res, err);
+  }
+});
+router.post("/:id/fs/upload-part", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
+  const t = await gitTargetOr404(req, res);
+  if (!t) return;
+  try {
+    res.json(
+      await uploadStaging.putPart(fsUserKey(req), req.query.upload, {
+        offset: req.query.offset,
+        total: req.query.total,
+        stream: req,
+      })
+    );
+  } catch (err) {
+    req.resume();
+    fsFail(res, err);
+  }
+});
+router.delete("/:id/fs/upload-part", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
+  const t = await gitTargetOr404(req, res);
+  if (!t) return;
+  try {
+    res.json(uploadStaging.drop(fsUserKey(req), req.query.upload));
+  } catch (err) {
+    fsFail(res, err);
+  }
+});
+
 /**
  * Upload one file, streamed (no body parser buffers it), to `?path=` — any
  * missing sub-folders are made (a folder upload sends each file with its
@@ -2065,17 +2126,17 @@ router.post("/:id/fs/upload", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
   const t = await gitTargetOr404(req, res);
   if (!t) return;
   try {
-    const out = await fileExplorer.upload(
-      t.cwd,
-      typeof req.query.path === "string" ? req.query.path : "",
-      req,
-      {
-        conflict: req.query.conflict,
-        length: req.headers["content-length"],
-        trash: fsTrashFor(req, t),
-      }
-    );
-    res.status(out.skipped ? 200 : 201).json(out);
+    const write = async (stream, length) => {
+      const out = await fileExplorer.upload(
+        t.cwd,
+        typeof req.query.path === "string" ? req.query.path : "",
+        stream,
+        { conflict: req.query.conflict, length, trash: fsTrashFor(req, t) }
+      );
+      return { status: out.skipped ? 200 : 201, body: out };
+    };
+    const r = await stagedOr(req, write);
+    res.status(r.status).json(r.body);
   } catch (err) {
     req.resume();
     fsFail(res, err);
@@ -2091,13 +2152,17 @@ router.post("/:id/fs/upload-batch", sameOriginGuard, async (req, res) => {
   const t = await gitTargetOr404(req, res);
   if (!t) return;
   try {
-    const out = await fileExplorer.uploadBatch(
-      t.cwd,
-      typeof req.query.dir === "string" ? req.query.dir : "",
-      req,
-      { conflict: req.query.conflict, trash: fsTrashFor(req, t) }
-    );
-    res.status(201).json(out);
+    const write = async (stream) => ({
+      status: 201,
+      body: await fileExplorer.uploadBatch(
+        t.cwd,
+        typeof req.query.dir === "string" ? req.query.dir : "",
+        stream,
+        { conflict: req.query.conflict, trash: fsTrashFor(req, t) }
+      ),
+    });
+    const r = await stagedOr(req, write);
+    res.status(r.status).json(r.body);
   } catch (err) {
     req.resume();
     fsFail(res, err);

server/routes/users.js

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
  * tool the accounts it may run on (pin, group, quota, its own 5 h / 7 d share
  * of each — `accountUsage` with `ownerId`) and the ones it actually ran on;
  * `GET /:id/avatar` its picture (server/lib/avatars.js), for the sidebar's
- * owner groups — staff only like the rest of `/users`.
+ * owner groups and System Health — the one `/users` read a developer may make
+ * too (`EVERYONE_READS` in server/lib/auth.js).
  *
  * The Users page's account changes — `POST /` (create), `PATCH /:id` (the Edit
  * user form: display name, email, role, disabled, a new password, workspaces